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President's Budget Proposal Prioritizes Science and Technology According to John H. Gibbons, assistant to the President for Science and Technology, President Clinton's FY 1996 Budget Proposal maintains science and technology as a priority investment, with total Research and Development funding increasing slightly. The largest percentage increase in the S&T budget is allocated to basic research (see Table). Support for academic research increased by 7%. The National Science Foundation budget for R&D activities shows an increase of 3.7%. The budget proposes increased funding for technology partnerships with U.S. industry. President Clinton emphasizes that the post-Cold War interests of the U.S. is to be able to compete economically with the global market. The President's agency-specific initiatives highlight the following: The budget proposes $491 million in 1996 for the Advanced Technology Program (ATP), which amounts to $60 million, or 14%, more than the 1995 level. This proposal will fund 50 new projects and continue
280 projects. An increase of $56 million over 1995 to a total of $147 million is stipulated for Manufacturing Extension Partnerships (MEP), which will help support 90 MEP centers. Both ATP and MEP are essential programs of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The budget proposes a 13% increase over 1995 for the Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP), awarded competitively by the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA). (See Table.) Among the highlights of the National Science and Technology Council initiatives are the cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs), academic research, and merit reviewed research and performance measurement. The proposal recommends funding 723 more CRADAs than in 1995, to a total of 6,816, with a public and private value (in cash and non-cash contributions) of close to $6 billion. An increase of $863 million—7% over 1995—is proposed for university-based research, totalling $12.5 billion for 1996. The budget further proposes $29 billion of meritreviewed research, an increase of $890 million, or 3% (see Table).
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Table. Funding of Research and Development (Budget authority, dollar amounts in millions)* %Change 1995-1996
1996 Proposed
Dollar Change 1995-1996
2,450
2,540
+90
+3.7%
13,362
13,975
14,467
+493
+3.5%
Applied Research
13,608
14,569
14,686
+117
+0.8%
Development
42,795
42,107
41,768
-339
-0.8%
2,727
2,063
1,962
-101
-4.9%
Civilian
30,329
33,815
34,902
+1,087
+3.2%
Defense
42,164
38,898
37,981
-918
-2.4%
68
431
491
+60
+14%
+56
+62% +13%
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