Fungal Inhibition in Wood Treated with Lantana camara L. Extract
Wood is a sustainable, strong, economical and renewable organic material. However, under certain conditions of exposure it deteriorates rapidly due to a combination of biological, chemical and physical processes. Wood decomposition by fungal micro-organis
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Abstract Wood is a sustainable, strong, economical and renewable organic material. However, under certain conditions of exposure it deteriorates rapidly due to a combination of biological, chemical and physical processes. Wood decomposition by fungal micro-organisms has adverse effects and is a major source of losses to wood. Therefore, the present investigation has been carried out to ensure protection from the fungal decay and to enhance the durability of wood. Although treatment with synthetic chemical preservatives is an effective method to induce biological resistance in wood but it causes environmental pollution. Thus the use of plant based environmental-friendly formulations as biopreservatives is emphasized. Lantana camara L. belonging to family Verbenaceae, known worldwide as an obnoxious weed, possesses antifungal properties. The wood samples of three species viz., Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L., and Bombax ceiba L. were dip treated for 72 h with methanol extract of Lantana camara L. leaves at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% (w/v) concentrations. These treated samples were assessed for fungal inhibition. The results revealed significant inhibition in the fungal growth in wood treated with 1.5 and 2% concentrations of Lantana camara L. extract. Keywords Environmental friendly preservative camara L. Wood
Fungal inhibition
Lantana
H. Gupta (&) K.R. Sharma Department of Forest Products, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan 173230, HP, India e-mail: [email protected] J.N. Sharma Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan 173230, HP, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 K.K. Pandey et al. (eds.), Wood is Good, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3115-1_25
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Introduction Wood is a three-dimensional biopolymer composite composed of an interconnected network of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin with minor amounts of extractives and inorganics. The main problems associated with wood under outdoor use are its dimensional instability due to moisture sorption and its decay by micro-organisms. Wood being ligno-cellulolytic material is liable to degradation due to microbial agencies and termites causing significant losses. Wood is degraded biologically because organisms recognize the polysaccharide polymers in the cell wall (e.g., cellulose and hemicelluloses) and have very specific enzyme systems capable of hydrolyzing these polymers into digestible units. Chemical modification of cell wall polymers is one of the effective methods to induce biological resistance in wood (Rowell 2005). The conventional wood preservatives such as chromated copper arsenate (CCA), creosote consisting of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorophenols, pentachlorophenol etc., although found to be very effective against wood destroying organisms but are said to cause environmental pollution (Onuorah 2000). Therefore, much emphasis is now paid towards the development of toxic plant extract bas
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