Genetic variation of 20 autosomal STRs in Jats belonging to Delhi, India
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Genetic variation of 20 autosomal STRs in Jats belonging to Delhi, India Lalita 1 & K. P. S. Kushwaha 1 & Tanya Chauhan 1 & R. K. Kumawat 2 & Shivani Dixit 3 & Pankaj Shrivastava 3 Received: 29 July 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The present study based on 20 autosomal STR polymorphism reveals the genetic diversity of the Jat population of Delhi, India (n = 120). A total of 240 alleles were observed for this study. The allele frequency ranged from 0.004 to 0.508. The studied loci followed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and the heterozygosity ranged from 0.658 to 0.908. The locus Penta-E was found the most polymorphic and discriminating in the studied population with the value 0.910 and 0.981, respectively, whereas the locus TPOX was found least polymorphic and discriminating with the value 0.612 and 0.833, respectively. The combined paternity index (CPI) was 1.46 × 109, and the probability of match (CPm) was 2.68 × 10−25 for all 20 autosomal STR loci. The generated data adds to the Indian population database. It will be used for forensic purposes and in other population-based genetic studies. Keywords STRs . Polymorphism . Genetic diversity . Jat . India
Introduction Jats are native to South Asia, mainly distributed in Pakistan and northwestern Indian states, i.e., Punjab, Rajasthan, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. Jats were uprooted by the Mongols from their hometown near the river Oxus in Central Asia, and they migrated to various regions of India and Pakistan [1, 2]. The Jats who embraced the Sikh religion are known as “Jat Sikhs.” As per the Varna caste system, Jats are Kshatriyas or the warrior class. Jats were designated as “martial race” by the Lalita, R. K. Kumawat and Pankaj Shrivastava contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02423-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Pankaj Shrivastava [email protected] 1
National Institute of Criminology and Forensic Science, Delhi 110085, India
2
DNA Division, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302016, India
3
DNA Fingerprinting Unit, State Forensic Science Laboratory, Department of Home (Police), Govt. of MP, Sagar 470001, India
British army. Martial races were people that were aggressive in battles and had qualities like physical strength, resilience, loyalty, courage, hardworking, tenacity, and military strategies. Being physically strong and resilient, Jat Sikhs opted for agriculture as a profession for their sustenance in later stages. The Jats are considered to be the merged descendants of Indo-Aryan and Indo-Scythian tribes of the region [3]. The population samples consisted of 120 unrelated individuals (99 females and 21 males) of Jat belonging to Delhi, India (Fig. S1). All individuals were offspring of inhabitants residing in the area for more t
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