Geologic/Hydrogeologic Setting and Classification of Springs
Springs are defined as places where groundwater flows naturally from a rock sediment or soil onto the land surface or into a body of surface water. Their occurrence is not limited to rocks of a particular age or type or to any specific geological or topog
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Philip E. LaMoreaux· Judy T. Tanner (Eds.)
Springs and Bottled Waters of the World Ancient History, Source, Occurence, Quality and Use
with
209
Figures and 53 Tables
Springer
Editors
Dr. Philip E. LaMoreaux P.E. LaMoreaux & Associates, Inc. P.O. Box 2310 Tuscaloosa, AL 35403 USA E-mail: [email protected]
Judy T. Tanner 2610 University Boulevard Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 USA
ISBN 3-540-61841-4 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Springs and bottled water of the world: ancient history, source, occurence, quality and use 1 Philip E. LaMoreaux, Judy T. Tanner (eds.). p.cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. l. ISBN 3540618414 1. Springs. 2. Health resorts. 3. Bottled water industry. 1. LaMoreaux, Philip E. (Philip Elmer), 192.0- II. Tanner, Judy T., 1954GBU98 .567 2001 55P--dC21 2001042003
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whetller the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York a member of the BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover Design: design & production Dataconversion: Buro Stasch . Bayreuth SPIN: 10528238
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Dedication
William James Powell
(June 30,1921 - September 1,1995) "Springs and Bottled Waters" is dedicated to the memory of William J. Powell, who helped make this book possible. Mr. Powell, with his jovial and pleasing personality, was dedicated to the service and enhancement of his professional associates and jriellds.
Preface
This book, describing select springs and bottled waters around the world, provides a broad spectrum of information on springs, as they have provided man with a source of water and have materially affected the evolution and development of civilization. Springs have played a prominent role in history, agriculture, military campaigns, religion, and science. Dr. O. E. Meinzer, the father of hydrogeology, once made the statement that certain parts of the Bible read like a water supply paper. To prove his point, he cited the stories of Rebecca at the well, and Moses "smiting" the rock and "water gushed forth". Perhaps the mo