Headache frequency associates with brain microstructure changes in patients with migraine without aura
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Headache frequency associates with brain microstructure changes in patients with migraine without aura Yang Yu 1 & Hongru Zhao 2 & Lingling Dai 1 & Yunyan Su 1 & Ximing Wang 1 & Can Chen 2 & Yalei Shang 1 & Jun Ke 1,3 & Chunhong Hu 1,3
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Neuroimaging studies have implicated abnormal brain microstructure in episodic migraine (EM), but whether the pattern is altered during migraine chronification is not well known. Fifty-six patients with migraine without aura, including 39 EM patients and 17 chronic migraine (CM) patients, and 35 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to assess gray matter (GM) volume differences among groups and their association with clinical feature was examined. Compared with the HC group, both migraine groups showed increased GM volume in the periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) and decreased GM volume in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) volume of the HC group was smaller than that of the EM group, but was larger than that of the CM group. For the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), the EM group showed the smallest GM volume while the CM group had the largest volume. Higher headache frequency was associated with greater GM volume in the PAG and dlPFC, but was associated with smaller GM volume in the ACC and hippocampus/PHG across all patients. GM volume changes in regions involved in pain generation and control are potential neural mechanism underlying migraine, and are associated with migraine types and headache frequency. Keywords Migraine . Voxel-based morphometry . Gray matter . Magnetic resonance imaging
Introduction Migraine is an episodic, recurrent, dysfunction of the brain excitability featuring attacks of unilateral, moderate or severe, throbbing and pulsating headaches accompanied by a constellation of non-pain symptoms including sensory hypersensitivity, nausea and vomiting as well as cognitive and emotional
Yang Yu, Hongru Zhao and Lingling Dai contributed equally to this work. * Jun Ke [email protected] * Chunhong Hu [email protected] 1
Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Road, Soochow, Jiangsu Province 215000, China
2
Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu Province 215000, China
3
Institute of Medical Imaging, Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu Province 215000, China
dysfunction (Russo et al. 2018). The estimated overall mean prevalence of migraine is about 9.1%(Wöber-Bingöl 2013). The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 identified migraine as the “seventh disabler”(Steiner et al. 2013). Migraine headaches lead to significant individual and societal burdens as a result of pain, such as environmental sensitivity, disability and even lost productivity (Schwedt and Dodick 2009). Although migraine symptomatology is well-defined, our understanding of migraine pathophysiology is
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