Hierarchy-attribute decision making regarding public buses and private motorbikes: a case study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vie
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Hierarchy‑attribute decision making regarding public buses and private motorbikes: a case study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Thanh Xuan Thi Pham1 · Nhat Tien Nguyen1 · Long Bien Thi Duong1 Accepted: 11 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aims to identify the various attributes that significantly influence commuters’ decisions as to whether they should use public buses or private motorbikes in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Data were collected for analysis using a face-to-face survey of over 400 participants across a wide range of ages and occupations who use both public transport and private motorbikes in their daily lives. The decision tree technique and Weka software were used for data mining. The results indicate that commuters consider three vital attributes in deciding to stop using their own motorbikes in favor of public buses. The study also identifies decision rules for three commuter groups, including students, workers frequently traveling short-haul routes in the inner city, and workers frequently traveling long distances from the suburbs to the city center. The results are of significance for the identification of feasible measures and strategies to gradually encourage the use of public buses instead of motorbikes.
1 Introduction Ho Chi Minh City has the largest number of motorbikes worldwide with nearly 8.5 million units in 2018, and is likely to face a dramatic increase in motorbike use, according to the Department of Traffic Safety at the Ministry of Transport of Vietnam. Most city dwellers use their own private motorbikes for almost every traveling need (Le and Trinh 2016), leading to over 11,000 motorbikes moving through each square meter of street space per hour (accounting for 93.5% of the total traffic). This causes heavy traffic jams at peak hours in addition to air pollution and reduced quality of life for the city’s residents. On average, people regularly spend approximately two hours commuting to work or to school every day. A higher number of * Thanh Xuan Thi Pham [email protected]; [email protected] 1
University Finance - Marketing, Ministry of Finance, 2/4 Tran Xuan Soan Street, Tan Thuan Tay Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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motorbikes on the streets will result in higher overall commuting times and will ultimately exert greater pressure on the system. Therefore, the local government has invested considerable effort into addressing these problems by offering a public bus network. The authorities have implemented several measures in recent years, including subsidizing bus fares, purchasing over 1500 new buses, and improving bus facilities. In particular, the local government agreed that investors might own up to 70% of the bus investment for a period of seven years at an attractive interest rate, 3% lower than the average interbank rate. However, these measures were ultimately less effective than anticipated: bus use did not increase but actually decreased. Evidently,
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