Higher Education in the Middle East and North Africa Exploring Regio
This book explores the prospects for higher education development in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region. Adopting a South-South perspective (from the viewpoint of a developing country), it seeks to promote a deeper understanding of this colou
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Education in the Middle East and North Africa Exploring Regional and Country Specific Potentials
Higher Education in the Middle East and North Africa
Yew Meng Lai Abdul Razak Ahmad Chang Da Wan •
Editors
Higher Education in the Middle East and North Africa Exploring Regional and Country Specific Potentials
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Editors Yew Meng Lai Centre for Promotion of Knowledge and Language Universiti Malaysia Sabah Sabah Malaysia
Chang Da Wan National Higher Education Research Institute Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia
Abdul Razak Ahmad National Defence University of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia and Bait al Amanah Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
ISBN 978-981-10-1054-5 DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1056-9
ISBN 978-981-10-1056-9
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016940318 © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd.
Foreword
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has a lot to speak for when it comes to higher education, indeed education in general. For a start, it is well recognised that the world’s oldest surviving university was established in Fez, Morocco. This was in 859 C.E., well before the first of such institutions were founded in other parts of the world, notably Europe. It was also considered extraordinary because the founder was a Muslim female, who “endowed” the fortune inherited from her father for this purpose. It was narrated that Fatima al-Fihri (Fatima Muhammad al-Fihri al-Quraysh) supervised the establishment of the nascent university closely, until it transformed into a credible centre of learning that other institutions drew inspiration from. This fact alone goes into contradiction when it comes to the issue of neglect in relation to female-women educational opportunities. More interestingly some of these ideas are coming back in tackling
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