How agroforestry systems influence soil fauna and their functions - a review
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How agroforestry systems influence soil fauna and their functions - a review Claire Marsden & Ambroise Martin-Chave & Jérôme Cortet & Mickaël Hedde & Yvan Capowiez
Received: 29 April 2019 / Accepted: 1 October 2019 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Background Agroforestry systems have enhanced diversity of cultivated plants compared to monocultures, and are expected to affect associated biodiversity. Despite a growing body of literature on the importance of soil fauna, the known effects of different agroforestry types on soil fauna communities and functions have not yet been synthesized. Scope We scanned publications on soil fauna in agroforestry systems. Our aim was to give an overview of strengths and weaknesses of the existing data, in terms of spatial coverage and representation of diverse agroforestry types and soil fauna groups and functions. Conclusions Our database includes sixty-seven articles, mostly focusing on tropical regions and perennial crop agroforestry systems. Soil macrofauna are the most studied fauna group. The most common question
addressed is the comparison of the effect of land use types on communities. Effects on fauna abundance and diversity are mainly positive when agroforestry is compared to cropland, and neutral or negative when compared to forests. Few publications actually measure soil fauna functions, or characterize their interactions and evolution in time and space depending on system design and management. Further work on soil fauna in agroforestry should harness ecological theory and address questions of spatial structure and scale, temporal dynamics and ecological interaction networks and how they determine ecosystem functioning.
Keywords Spatial heterogeneity . Macrofauna . Mesofauna . Microfauna . Earthworm . Collembola . Nematode
Responsible Editor: Claire Chenu. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04322-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. C. Marsden (*) : M. Hedde Eco&Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France e-mail: [email protected]
A. Martin-Chave AGROOF, 19 rue du Luxembourg, 30140 Anduze, France
J. Cortet Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Univ. Montpellier, EPHE, CNRS, IRD, CEFE UMR 5175, F34000 Montpellier, France Y. Capowiez INRA, UMR 1114 BEnvironnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des AgroHydrosystèmes^, INRA / Université d’Avignon, Site Agroparc, cedex 09, 84914 Avignon, France
Plant Soil
Introduction Agroforestry systems are examples of mixed species cropping systems that increase Bplanned biodiversity^ compared to monocultures, with expected effects on Bassociated biodiversity^ (Vandermeer et al. 1998; Malézieux et al. 2009) or Bunplanned^ diversity of microorganisms, plants and animals. Agroforestry, broadly defined as tree presence in agricultural landscapes is of high significance worldwide, with an estimated 43% of global agricultural land (ranging from 9% in North
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