Hydrocarbon Generation in and Expulsion from Pore Space Limited Source Rocks
Hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, and destruction in petroliferous basins are the consequences of multiple physical and chemical reactions between sediments and organic matter during geological evolution. These dynamics are ongoing in the g
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Hydrocarbon Generation in and Expulsion from Pore Space Limited Source Rocks
Hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, and destruction in petroliferous basins are the consequences of multiple physical and chemical reactions between sediments and organic matter during geological evolution. These dynamics are ongoing in the geological settings of basin subsidence, overall uplift and shrinkage. The basin subsidence is perceived as sediment buildup, energy transformation and accumulation, i.e., hydrocarbon generation processes, featured by a physical field of sediment load and increasing pressure, which has been discussed in chapter two. The overall uplift stage of a basin is perceived as the release of accumulated energy, i.e., hydrocarbon accumulation process with a physical field of sediment unloading and pressure release. The shrinkage stage of a basin is perceived as energy adjustment and equilibrium of material compensation, i.e., completion of hydrocarbon accumulation with a physical field in equilibrium. This chapter focuses on a discussion of the variations in the physical field of source rock occurrence in the depocenter and reservoir occurrence in basin slopes during basin overall uplift stage, highlighting the decisive role of pressure and differential pressure in oil and gas expulsion and accumulation. In addition, the application of the quantification of thickness of eroded sandstone by means of astronomical Milankovitch Cyclicity and the important concept “Sandstone Relaxation” which is closely associated with hydrocarbon accumulation are introduced systematically in this chapter.
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Hydrocarbon Generation in and Expulsion from Pore Space Limited Source Rocks
This section is mainly concerned with the theoretical considerations, experimental simulations, and quantitative methods of hydrocarbon expulsion from pore space limited source rocks. © Petroleum Industry Press and Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017 D. Guan et al., Theory and Practice of Hydrocarbon Generation within Space-Limited Source Rocks, Springer Geology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2407-8_3
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3 Hydrocarbon Generation in and Expulsion …
Theoretical Consideration of Hydrocarbon Expulsion from Source Rocks
The motion and development process in the universe is from imbalance to balance and to imbalance again. Imbalance is eternal and absolute while balance is short and relative. This principle is applicable in petroliferous basin. After the subsidence stage, a great mass of materials and energy are accumulated. The constant aggregation will definitely cause imbalance between basin center and marginal areas, to which the basin will undoubtedly respond by overall uplifting and erosion to regain the state of equilibrium. The characteristic of the basin overall uplift stage is material adjustment by denudation, which makes the physical field of the basin transform from loading and pressure growth to unloading and pressure release. In the process of mass unloading, oil, gas, and water readjust to seek new balances. From t
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