Immune system and angiogenesis-related potential surrogate biomarkers of response to everolimus-based treatment in hormo
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CLINICAL TRIAL
Immune system and angiogenesis‑related potential surrogate biomarkers of response to everolimus‑based treatment in hormone receptor‑positive breast cancer: an exploratory study Francesco Schettini1,2,3 · Navid Sobhani4 · Anna Ianza4 · Tiziana Triulzi5 · Alfredo Molteni6 · Maria Chiara Lazzari6 · Carla Strina7 · Manuela Milani7 · Silvia Paola Corona4 · Marianna Sirico7 · Ottavia Bernocchi4,7 · Fabiola Giudici4 · Maria Rosaria Cappelletti7 · Eva Ciruelos3,8 · Guy Jerusalem9 · Sherine Loi10,11 · Stephen B. Fox10,11 · Daniele Generali4,7 Received: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 31 July 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose mTOR inhibitor everolimus is used for hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). No reliable predictive biomarker of response is available. Following evidences from other solid tumors, we aimed to assess the association between treatment-associated immune system features and everolimus activity. Methods We retrospectively explored a correlation with the therapeutic activity of everolimus and tumor-associated immune pathways with ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), circulating lymphocytes, and endothelial cells (CECs) in 3 different HR+ mBC studies, including the BALLET phase IIIb study. Results The circulating levels of C D3+/CD8+, CD3+/CD4+, and overall T lymphocytes were higher in responders versus non-responders at baseline (p = 0.017, p
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