Impact of warm mesoscale eddy on tropical cyclone intensity
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Impact of warm mesoscale eddy on tropical cyclone intensity Jia Sun1, 2, Guihua Wang3*, Xuejun Xiong1, 2, Zhenli Hui1, 2, Xiaomin Hu1, 2, Zheng Ling4, Long Yu1, 2, Guangbing Yang1, 2, Yanliang Guo1, 2, Xia Ju1, 2, Liang Chen1, 2, 5 1 First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China 2 Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and
Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China 3 Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200433, China 4 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Coastal Ocean Variability and Disaster Prediction, Guangdong Ocean University,
Zhanjiang 524088, China 5 College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Received 25 December 2019; accepted 5 March 2020 © Chinese Society for Oceanography and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
The spatial-temporal patterns of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity changes caused by the warm ocean mesoscale eddy (WOME) distribution are evaluated using two sets of idealized numerical experiments. The results show that the TC was intensified and weakened when a WOME was close to and far away from the TC center, respectively. The area where the WOME enhanced (weakened) TC intensity is called the inner (outer) area in this study. Amplitudes of the enhancement and weakening caused by the WOME in the inner and outer area decreased and increased over time, while the ranges of the inner and outer area diminished and expanded, respectively. The WOME in the inner area strengthened the secondary circulation of the TC, increased heat fluxes, strengthened the symmetry, and weakened the outer spiral rainband, which enhanced TC intensity. The effect was opposite if the WOME was in the outer area, and it weakened the TC intensity. The idealized simulation employed a stationary TC, and thus the results may only be applied to TCs with slow propagation. These findings can improve our understanding of the interactions between TC and the WOME and are helpful for improving TC intensity forecasting by considering the effect of the WOME in the outer areas. Key words: tropical cyclone intensity, warm ocean mesoscale eddy, upper ocean, spatial-temporal pattern Citation: Sun Jia, Wang Guihua, Xiong Xuejun, Hui Zhenli, Hu Xiaomin, Ling Zheng, Yu Long, Yang Guangbing, Guo Yanliang, Ju Xia, Chen Liang. 2020. Impact of warm mesoscale eddy on tropical cyclone intensity. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 39(8): 1–13, doi: 10.1007/s13131-020-1617-x
1 Introduction Tropical cyclones (TCs) can cause severe natural disasters that are directly connected with the TC intensity. As a typical air–sea coupled system, TC development is affected by three kinds of physical processes: the atmospheric environmental conditions, TC internal dynamics, and the underlying boundary conditions (Chen and Ding, 1979; Emanuel et al., 2004). Among these, the underlying ocean conditions, such as a war
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