Improved Photocatalytic Activity of Porous In 2 O 3 by co-Modifying Nanosized CuO and Ag with Synergistic Effects
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doi: 10.1007/s40242-020-0311-z
Article
Improved Photocatalytic Activity of Porous In2O3 by co-Modifying Nanosized CuO and Ag with Synergistic Effects LI Xianglin, ZHANG Qingyang, LI Bin, LI Zhijun, ZHANG Ziqing * and JING Liqiang* Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, International Joint Research Center for Catalytic Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, P. R. China Abstract Charge separation and oxygen activation are two crucial factors in the photocatalytic oxidation of pollutants, and it is meaningful to simultaneously enhance charge separation and promote O 2 activation. Herein, it is demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of porous In 2O3 is greatly improved after co-modifying nanosized CuO and Ag for oxidizing 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) and CO compared with that of individual In 2O3. Based on the surface photovoltage spectroscopy, O 2 temperature-programmed desorption, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and electrochemical results, the improved photoactivity is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of enhancing photogenerated charge separation and promoting oxygen activation by respectively coupled nanosized CuO and Ag. It is confirmed that the produced •O2− radicals are dominant to induce the photocatalytic oxidation of 2,4-DCP. This work offers an effective way to develop high-activity In 2O3-based nanophotocatalysts for oxidizing pollutants. Keywords Porous In2O3; Nanosized CuO and Ag co-modification; Charge separation; Oxygen activation; Photocatalytic pollutant oxidation
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Introduction
The ever-increasing environmental pollution has become the major challenge for current society. In this regard, it is of great significance to develop sustainable and renewable techniques to mitigate environmental influences[1,2]. Semiconductorbased photocatalytic technology with the utilization of solar energy to treat environmental pollutants has attracted much interest because of its energy conservation, economical sustainability and environmental friendliness. 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), as one of the ubiquitous liquid-phase pollutants in the environment, has been as listed as priority-controlled pollutants due to its high biotoxicity and bioaccumulation [3—7]. Meanwhile, carbon monoxide(CO), mainly from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and vehicle exhaust, is a poisonous gas and diffused easily in air, which has been regarded as a typical gas-phase environmental pollutant[8—11]. Thus, it is imperative to rationally design and fabricate efficient and stable semiconductor photocatalysts for removing environmental pollutants like 2,4-DCP and CO. Indium oxide(In2O3) has become one of the widely-investigated photocatalytic semiconductor oxides with low toxicity, stable chemical properties and suitable band potentials[12—16]. For example, Zhou et al.[17] reported the controlled synthesis of In2O3 nanostructures with different morphologies to achieve high-efficiency photocatalytic degrada
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