In vitro antioxidants and haematological and nephroprotective effects of biscuits produced from three medicinal flour bl
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
In vitro antioxidants and haematological and nephroprotective effects of biscuits produced from three medicinal flour blends fed to high-fat diet/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats M. A. Sodipo 1
&
M. O. Oluwamukomi 1 & J. O. Agbede 2 & G. Oboh 3
Received: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study investigated the in vitro antioxidants and haematological and nephroprotective effects of biscuits produced from three medicinal flour blends fed to high-fat diet/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The biscuits were produced at different proportions of flour blends. The total phenol and flavonoid, FRAP, DPPH, and α-amylase and glucosidase of the biscuits were determined. The White Albino Wistar rats were induced with streptozotocin (STZ) and fed with the formulated biscuits for 14 days. The animals were sacrificed, and blood was obtained and used to determine haematological parameter. Then, the liver and kidney were examined for histopathological parameter. The formulated biscuits possessed phenolic content, reduced Fe2+ to Fe3+, and scavenge DPPH and inhibited α-amylase and glucosidase activities. It was observed that the haematological parameters of the treated diabetic rats fed with formulated biscuits improved significantly compared with that of the untreated STZ-induced diabetic rats. The creatinine, urea, and uric acid significantly reduced in treated rats with formulated biscuits. The formulated biscuits lowered the blood glucose level in the rats. Therefore, this formulated biscuit may be useful in the management of diabetes. Keywords Unripe plantain . Biscuit . Antioxidant properties . Diabetic rats
Introduction Consumption of foods rich in antioxidant plays a special role in prevention and management of several human ailments including diabetes mellitus (Zhang et al. 2015; Sodipo et al. 2020). Antioxidants are chemical and biological agents that have the potential to eliminate the oxidative stress and protect biological cells by neutralizing the damaging effect of free radicals (Miller et al. 2000; Khan et al. 2015). Diabetes mellitus is a complex and major disorder in endocrine system that is characterized by the elevated blood glucose level
* M. A. Sodipo [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
2
Department of Animal Health and Production, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
3
Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
(Shafiee et al. 2012; Oboh et al. 2020). Studies have shown that the inhibition of α-amylase and glucosidase, the key enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of carbohydrate to glucose, could be explored for the management of diabetes, with the use of synthetic drugs such as acarbose (Fred-Jaiyesimi et al. 2009; Oboh et al. 2012). However, several side effects associated with this drug pose some limitations to their use in the m
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