Indigenous Preparations of Bryonia laciniosa , Quercus infectoria , Putranjiva roxburghii and Mesua ferrea Induce Develo
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Indigenous Preparations of Bryonia laciniosa, Quercus infectoria, Putranjiva roxburghii and Mesua ferrea Induce Developmental Toxicity in C. elegans Pragya Rai1 • Sharika Rajasekharan2 • Abhijit Ganguli3 • Krishnaswamy Balamurugan2 Sarala Balachandran4 • Rashmi Sharma5 • Rakesh Gupta6 • Sutapa Bandyopadhyay Neogi7
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Received: 13 February 2019 / Revised: 14 August 2019 / Accepted: 28 August 2019 The National Academy of Sciences, India 2019
Abstract The use of traditional medicines has gained popularity with time. Bryonia laciniosa, Quercus infectoria, Putranjiva roxburghii and Mesua ferrea are used for treating several conditions as indigenous preparations (IPs). In view of potential harms caused by such preparations used during pregnancy, the authors attempted to investigate their safety using C. elegans as a host. Fortyeight IPs were collected; based on the presence of phenols Significant Statement Traditional medicinal preparations are not always safe. Unregulated use of such preparations pronounces systematic investigation to ensure safety. Consumption of indigenous preparations for having a male child is reported from parts of India. Their intake during critical period of pregnancy (6–10 weeks), presence of phytoestrogens and steroids as constituents and its reported association with birth defects and stillbirths warrant thorough investigation through prospectively designed predictive toxicological studies. Not only this merits scientific attention, the social and health hazards embedded within this issue call for validation. Our study on exploring the toxicity of indigenous preparations strengthens this evidence for instituting corrective measures. & Sutapa Bandyopadhyay Neogi [email protected]
and steroids, six were considered for the toxicity study in C. elegans. Survival assay analysis was performed for fixation of the dose (at 500 lg/ml) for the further conduct of the study. Disruption in events such as egg-laying capacity and progeny production was observed to predict the toxic effects of the compounds in IPs. Survival assay results at 30 and 70 h showed that survival of the worms varied according to the exposure. The worms exposed to IP extracts H1, H4, H9, F1, F4 and F9 showed 60%, 60%, 20%, 40%, 80% and 40% mortality at 70 h, respectively, compared to the vehicle control. A profound impact on reproductive toxicity was observed upon exposure to SSDs. The egg-laying capacity reduced to 19–57 compared to 101 in controls (P \ 0.001) on Day 4. The progeny count reduced from 95 to 11–47 on Day 4 (P \ 0.001). However, no gross morphological changes were observed. The present study revealed that IPs appeared to be toxic to the host system. However, corroboration of in vivo experiments in 1
Pragya Rai [email protected]
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Public Health- Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi, India
2
Sharika Rajasekharan [email protected]
Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil
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