Is kidney function associated with cognition and mood in late life?
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Is kidney function associated with cognition and mood in late life? The Screening for CKD among Older People across Europe (SCOPE) study Lisanne Tap1, Andrea Corsonello2*, Francesc Formiga3, Rafael Moreno-Gonzalez3, Johan Ärnlöv4,5,6, Axel C. Carlsson4,6, Regina Roller-Wirnsberger7, Gerhard Wirnsberger7, Gijsbertus Ziere1, Ellen Freiberger8, Cornel Sieber8, Tomasz Kostka9, Agnieszka Guligowska9, Pedro Gil10, Sara Lainez Martinez10, Rada Artzi-Medvedik11,12, Ilan Yehoshua12, Paolo Fabbietti2,13, Fabrizia Lattanzio2, Francesco Mattace-Raso1 and on behalf of SCOPE investigators
Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), cognitive impairment and depression share common risk factors. Previous studies did not investigate the possible association between kidney function and cognitive and mood disorders in older persons in a broad range of kidney function. The present study explored associations between kidney function, cognition and mood in outpatients of 75 years and over. Methods: Baseline data of 2252 participants of the SCOPE study, an international multicenter cohort observational study,were used in which community-dwelling persons of 75 years and over were enrolled to screen for CKD Kidney function was estimated with the BIS1-eGFR equation, cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and mood with the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 items (GDS-15). Characteristics were compared across stages of CKD. Mean eGFR values were also compared across categories of MMSE (< 24, 24–26, ≥27) and between groups with high and low score on the GDS-15 (> 5/≤5). Results: In total, 63% of the population had an eGFR < 60 mL/min. In advanced stages of CKD, participants were older and more often men than in earlier stages (p < 0.001). Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus were more often found in those in advanced stages of CKD (p < 0.001), and also cumulative comorbidity scores were higher than in those in earlier stages (p < 0.001). Median MMSE was 29 in CKD stage 1–2 and 3, and 30 in CKD stage 4, whereas median GDS-15 score was 2 in all stages of CKD. Mean values of eGFR did not differ across categories of MMSE or between groups with high and low score on the GDS-15. Stratification for albuminuria did not change these results. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected] 2 Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona, Fermo and Cosenza, Italy Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
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