Lung function in obese children and adolescents without respiratory disease: a systematic review
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Lung function in obese children and adolescents without respiratory disease: a systematic review Mariana Simões Ferreira1* , Fernando Augusto Lima Marson2,3,4 , Vaneza Lira Waldow Wolf1 , José Dirceu Ribeiro3 and Roberto Teixeira Mendes1
Abstract Background: Obesity in children and adolescents is associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to multisystemic impairment, including deleterious changes in lung function, which are poorly understood. Objectives: To perform a systematic review to assess lung function in children and adolescents affected by obesity and to verify the presence of pulmonary changes due to obesity in individuals without previous or current respiratory diseases. Methods: A systematic search was performed in the MEDLINE-PubMed (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Embase (Excerpta Medica Database) and VHL (Virtual Health Library/Brazil) databases using the terms “Lung Function” and “Pediatric Obesity” and their corresponding synonyms in each database. A period of 10 years was considered, starting in February/2008. After the application of the filters, 33 articles were selected. Using the PICOS strategy, the following information was achieved: (Patient) children and adolescents; (Intervention/exposure) obesity; (Control) healthy children and adolescents; (Outcome) pulmonary function alterations; (Studies) randomized controlled trial, longitudinal studies (prospective and retrospective studies), cross-over studies and cross-sectional studies. Results: Articles from 18 countries were included. Spirometry was the most widely used tool to assess lung function. There was high variability in lung function values, with a trend towards reduced lung function markers (FEV1/FVC, FRC, ERV and RV) in obese children and adolescents. Conclusion: Lung function, measured by several tools, shows numerous markers with contradictory alterations. Differences concerning the reported results of lung function do not allow us to reach a consensus on lung function changes in children and adolescents with obesity, highlighting the need for more publications on this topic with a standardized methodology. Keywords: Lung function, Spirometry, Obesity in adolescence, Obesity in childhood, Review
* Correspondence: [email protected] Institution where the study was conducted: School of Medical Sciences, Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. 1 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, Unicamp, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, 126, Campinas 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
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