Menopause und COVID-19
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eilung für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Sterilitätstherapie, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Wien, Österreich
Menopause und COVID-19 Originalpublikation Cattrini C, Bersanelli M, Latocca MM, Conte B, Vallome G, Boccardo F (2020) Sex Hormones and Hormone Therapy during COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Patients with Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 12(8):E2325
Abstract The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shows a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, severity, and fatality rates. The reason older patients and males show increased risk of severe disease and death remains uncertain. Sex hormones, such as estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone, might be implicated in the agedependent and sex-specific severity of COVID-19. High testosterone levels could upregulate transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), facilitating the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into host cells via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Data from patients with prostate cancer treated with androgen-deprivation therapy seem to confirm this hypothesis. Clinical studies on TMPRSS2 inhibitors, such as camostat, nafamostat, and bromhexine, are ongoing. Antiandrogens, such as bicalutamide and enzalutamide, are also under investigation. Conversely, other studies suggest that the immune modulating properties of androgens could protect from the unfavorable cytokine storm, and that low testosterone levels might be associated with a worse prognosis in patients with COVID-19. Some evidence also supports the notion that estrogens and progesterone might exert a protective effect on females, through direct antiviral activity or immune-mediated mechanisms, thus explaining the higher COVID-19 severity in post-menopausal women. In this perspective, we discuss the available evidence on sex hormones and
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hormone therapy in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, and we highlight the possible implications for cancer patients, who can receive hormonal therapies during their treatment plans.
Für die Praxis Es ist allgemein bekannt, dass COVID19-Infektionen bei älteren Menschen schwerer verlaufen. In dieser Studie wird auf diese schwereren Verlaufsformen bei postmenopausalen Frauen hingewiesen. Weiters scheinen Östrogen und Progesteron eine immunmodulierende und damit protektive Wirkung bei COVID19-Infektion zu haben.
Originalpublikation Ding T, Zhang J, Wang T, Cui P, Chen Z, Jiang J, Zhou S, Dai J, Wang B, Yuan S, Ma W, Ma L, Rong Y, Chang J, Miao X, Ma X, Wang S (2020) Potential Influence of Menstrual Status and Sex Hormones on female SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Cross-sectional Study from Multicentre in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1022
Abstract1 Background. Recent studies indicated that females have a lower morbidity, severe cases rate, mortality and better outcome than those of male. However, it remained to be addressed why this was the case.
Reprinted from Ding T, Zhang J, Wang T, Cui P, Chen Z, Jiang J, Zhou S, Dai J, Wang B, Yuan S, Ma W, Ma L, Rong Y, Chang J, Miao
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