Micro-Channel Heat Sink: A Review
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-020-1334-y
Article ID: 1003-2169(2020)06-1431-32
Micro-Channel Heat Sink: A Review ZHOU Jinzhi1, CAO Xiaoling1, ZHANG Nan1, YUAN Yanping1*, ZHAO Xudong2, HARDY David3 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China 2. School of Computer and Engineering, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK 3. School of Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK © Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract: The method to cool a high heat flux device is an important research direction for the heat exchanger design. Micro-channels are an effective heat exchange structure both for single-phase and two-phase flow. In this paper, the heat transfer correlations of single-phase, two-phase and nanofluid in a micro-channel are discussed and analyzed. The correlations of pressure drop for single-phase and two-phase fluids are also presented. Excluding the different working fluids used in the micro-channel, the diameter and aspect ratio, shape and structure, surface roughness, internal and external factor and layout of micro-channel pipe are considered to analyze their influence on the heat transfer performance and pressure drop. Micro-channel technology applications include industry, air-conditioning, solar energy systems, heat pipe technology and computer data center cooling. Compared to the conventional heat exchangers used in these fields, a micro-channel heat sink showed a much better heat transfer coefficient and low volume, indicating that it is a good choice and has huge potential for cooling application. Finally, existing problems and future scopes are described, and drawing up design standard, experimental and simulated methods for evaluating its performance are the urgent actions which need to be carried out. This review paper serves as guidance for researchers to design and predict the performance of micro-channel heat sinks.
Keywords: micro-channel, heat transfer, pressure drop, effect factor, application
1. Introduction Heat transfer is a natural phenomenon which can be found in many areas of modern human life, i.e. cooling in industry, building energy, heat pumps and cooking. The heat transfer rate is an important factor to evaluate device performance. With the development of high-density electronic devices and micro-electro mechanical systems, the integration degree of electronic circuits and the capacity of various high-power electronic devices are Article type: Invited Review Received: Oct 16, 2019 AE: MING Tingzhen
increasing rapidly. From 1989 to 2019, the heat flux density which needs to be transferred from the electronic devices has increased to 10 MW·m–2 [1]. In addition, the reliability of microelectronic devices is sensitive to their working temperature, which when ranging from 70°C to 80°C, decreases the reliability by 5% with each additional 1°C increase [2]. Owing to the limitation of the traditional cooling methods, which are not e
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