Microsatellite variation revealed panmictic pattern for Triatoma brasiliensis (Triatominae: Reduviidae) in rural northea
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Microsatellite variation revealed panmictic pattern for Triatoma brasiliensis (Triatominae: Reduviidae) in rural northeastern Brazil: the control measures implications Claudia Mendonça Bezerra1,2*† , Carlota Josefovicz Belisário3†, Grasielle Caldas D’Ávilla Pessoa4, Aline Cristine Luiz Rosa3, Carla Patrícia Barezani3, Flávio Campos Ferreira3, Alberto Novaes Ramos Jr1, Ricardo Esteban Gürtler5,6 and Liléia Diotaiuti2
Abstract Background: Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 is the main vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the caatinga of Northeastern Brazil. Despite of its epidemiological relevance, there are few studies on its genetic variability. Using microsatellite markers, we characterized the variability and dynamics of infestation and reinfestation of T. brasiliensis after residual insecticide spraying in five surveys conducted in a well-defined rural area located in the municipality of Tauá, Ceará, between 2009 and 2015. We evaluated: (1) general variability among local of captures; (2) variability along the time analysis (2009, 2010 and 2015); (3) and reinfestation process. Results: On the analysis (1) global and pairwise FST values suggested absence of clusters among the area. AMOVA indicated that total variation is mainly represented by individual differences. Absence of clustering indicates a panmitic unit, with free gene flow. For (2), Pairwise FST indicated alterations in the genetic profile of the triatomines along the time. (3) Analysis of the reinfestation process showed that the domiciliary units investigated had different sources of infestation despite of its proximity. Conclusions: Observed homogeneity can be explained by the great dispersal capacity of T. brasiliensis, overlapping the different environments. Persistent house infestation in Tauá may be attributed to the occurrence of postspraying residual foci and the invasion of triatomines from their natural habitats. Keywords: Chagas disease, Triatoma brasiliensis, Microsatellites, Genetic variability, Ceará state
* Correspondence: [email protected] † Claudia Mendonça Bezerra and Carlota Josefovicz Belisário contributed equally to this work. 1 Departamento de Saúde Comunitária. Rua Professor Costa Mendes 1608 Bloco Didático 5° andar - Rodolfo Teófilo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, Ceará CEP: 60430-140, Brazil 2 Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the mater
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