Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery A Practical Guide to Anatomy and Te

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery is a beautifully illustrated atlas describing the 18 most widely accepted minimally invasive procedures in spine surgery. Written by leaders in both neurologic and orthopedic spine surgery, this book offers the most up-to-

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Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

A Practical Guide to Anatomy and Techniques

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

Burak Ozgur Edward Benzel Steven Garfin l

l

Editors

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery A Practical Guide to Anatomy and Techniques

13

Editors Burak Ozgur Director of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery Department of Neurosurgery Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA

Edward Benzel Chairman Department of Neurosurgery Cleveland Clinic Spine Institute Cleveland, OH, USA

Steven Garfin Professor and Chair Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California-San Diego USCD Medical Center San Diego, CA USA

Figures 1.1, 1.2, 1.8–1.10, 3.1(a) and (b), 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1–11.5, and 16.2 were created by Caspar Henselmann. Figure 3.1(c) was created by Alice Y. Chen.

ISBN 978-0-387-89830-8 e-ISBN 978-0-387-89831-5 DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-89831-5 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009930940 # Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media (www.springer.com)

I dedicate this book to the support and guidance of my parents, the patience and trust of my professors, teachers, and patients, and certainly to the boundless love, compassion, and encouragement of my wife, Iman, and kids, Omar, Ali, and Hala. Burak M. Ozgur I dedicate this book to my wife, Mary. She perpetually provides advice, guidance and friendship. Her unending support is the source of my strength. Edward C. Benzel I dedicate this book to my mentors, colleagues, and trainees, who helped me (taught, inspired, and tolerated me) treat patients and teach others. Steven R. Garfin

Foreword

Unlike any other surgical specialty, spine surgery has evolved rapidly over the past three decades. I have been fortunate to observe this evolution over the past 40 years from the time I started m