Morphological and molecular identification of Hysterothylacium larvae (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) in marine fish from
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FISH PARASITOLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Morphological and molecular identification of Hysterothylacium larvae (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) in marine fish from Tunisian Mediterranean coasts Manel Khammassi 1 & Sihem Bahri 1 & Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci 2 Received: 14 March 2019 / Accepted: 9 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The taxonomy of Hysterothylacium genus in Mediterranean waters remains incomplete and unresolved. The aim of the current study was to investigate the morphological and molecular identification of selected species of Hysterothylacium larvae in marine fish from the Tunisian Mediterranean coasts. A total of 192 marine fish samples were examined. In total, thirty-seven third-stage larvae of Hysterothylacium were morphologically identified as Hysterothylacium type V. In the present study, representatives of this type from the Mediterranean Sea were genetically characterized for the first time by sequencing the rDNA ITS (ITS1-5.8SITS2) regions and mtDNA cox2 gene. This study represents the first report of Hysterothylacium type V from the Mediterranean Sea. We also report Mullus barbatus, M. surmuletus, and Pagellus erythrinus as new hosts for this larval type. Based upon molecular and phylogenetic analyses considering the rDNA ITS regions, the Hysterothylacium type V described here was classified as a new genotype, named Genotype B. The valid genetic data of the described Hysterothylacium type V in the present study can be used to establish the phylogenetic relationships among Hysterothylacium species from the Mediterranean Sea and worldwide for future research. Keywords Hysterothylacium type V . rDNA ITS regions . mtDNA cox2 gene . Sequencing . Mediterranean Sea
Introduction Hysterothylacium species belonging to the Raphidascarididae family are the most widespread fish-parasitizing marine ascaridoids (Bruce et al. 1994; Shamsi 2016). Currently, the genus Hysterothylacium includes about 101 species reported in marine and freshwater fish (Bezerra et al. 2020). To date, eighteen Hysterothylacium larval types have been described worldwide (Cannon 1977; Petter and Maillard 1987; Shamsi Section Editor: Shokoofeh Shamsi Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06848-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Biodiversity, Parasitology and Ecology of Aquatic Ecosystems, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
2
Department of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
et al. 2013, 2015; Pantoja et al. 2016; Shamsi et al. 2016; Shamsi 2017; Ghadam et al. 2018; Shamsi et al. 2018; Hossen and Shamsi 2019). Hysterothylacium aduncum, H. arnoglossi, H. bifidalatum, H. fabri, H. reliquens, H. rigidum, H. incurvum, and Hysterothylacium sp. have been previously reported from marine fish in the Mediterranean Sea (Petter and Mailla
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