Morphometric Analysis of the Internal Ultrastructure of Mitochondria of Muscle Tissue in Horsehair Worm Gordionus alpest
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hometric Analysis of the Internal Ultrastructure of Mitochondria of Muscle Tissue in Horsehair Worm Gordionus alpestris (Nematomorpha) C. M. Eldarova, V. B. Vaysa, I. M. Vangelia, O. A. Averinaa, B. D. Efeykinb, and L. E. Bakeevaa, * aBelozersky
Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
b
Received April 2, 2019; revised July 25, 2019; accepted July 27, 2019
Abstract—Internal ultrastructure of the muscle tissue mitochondria of horsehair worm Gordionus alpestris (Nematomorpha) was studied using morphometry. Surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane per unit of the mitochondrial volume, or surface density of the inner mitochondrial membrane, was measured as a main morphometric parameter. The surface density of the inner mitochondrial membrane of the G. alpestris muscle tissue was compared to the respective parameter of the skeletal and cardiac muscle mitochondria. The surface density of the inner mitochondrial membrane of the worm was close to the surface density values of the cardimyocytes of 3-month-old mice and Wistar rats and was slightly higher than the surface density of mitochondria from the skeletal muscle of 3-month-old mice. The functional significance of the well-developed system of mitochondrial membranes of extended mitochondria of the horsehair worm is discussed as a structure necessary to ensure effective functioning of the circomyarian conntractile apparatus in the muscle tissue of the horsehair worm. Keywords: mitochondria, ultrastructure, morphometry, obliquely striated muscle (flattened circomyarian type), horsehair worm, Gordionus alpestris DOI: 10.1134/S199074782002004X
INTRODUCTION Our recent study of the ultrastructure of the muscle tissue chondriome in horsehair worm Gordionus alpestris revealed that mitochondrial apparatus consists of ribbon-like mitochondria up to 800 μm in length. They form well-developed system of elongated mitochondria located in the central cytoplasmic space and completely fill it [1]. However, according to the published data, chondriome of the horsehair worm muscle consists of a few small single mitochondria [2, 3]. We hypothesized that the system of elongated giant mitochondria in the horsehair muscle tissue is not just a specific morphological feature of this tissue, but it represents a functionally related type of chondriome organization, which determines the energy supply of actively working muscle tissue. It is known that functional features of mitochondria are determined not only by morphological states but also by the parameters of the external and internal mitochondrial membrane. Estimation of such parameters is possible using methods of morphometry and stereology that allow establishing the correlation of mitochondrial structural parameters with the energy state of a single mitochondria and the whole tissue [4–9]. The
energy state of the mitochondria is well described
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