Nanocellulose reinforcement in paper produced from fiber blending
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Nanocellulose reinforcement in paper produced from fiber blending Matheus Felipe Freire Pego1 · Maria Lúcia Bianchi2 · Patrícia Kaji Yasumura3 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nanocellulose addition on the physical– mechanical properties of the paper produced from different fiber blends, besides comparing two nanocellulose addition methods. Three different fibers were used for fiber blending (eucalyptus, sisal, and pine). Handsheets were formed based on the mixing of all possible combinations at a 45/55 ratio in 2% consistency and 60 g/m2. Handsheet reinforcements were performed by two methods: The mixture method (MT) was a mixture of nanocellulose along with pulp during paper formation in 3, 5, and 10% addition; the coating method (CT) was the superficial coating of dry formed papers in 10% addition. Nanocellulose was produced by mechanical microfi‑ brillation of sisal pulp. Handsheets were evaluated by physical and strength proper‑ ties. Nanocellulose addition increased thickness, volume, grammage, apparent den‑ sity, opacity, roughness, tensile strength, tensile index, stretch, bursting index, tear index, and fold endurance by 8.7, 8.8, 10.4, 2.1, 4.1, 23.2, 45.7, 31.8, 20.1, 14.2, 21.1, and 271.6% but reduced bulk, brightness, and air permeance by 1.9, 3.4, and 71.7%, respectively. The reinforcement methods presented distinct results. In physi‑ cal properties, an increasing tendency toward nanocellulose (MT) increase was observed in thickness, grammage, and apparent density despite the decreasing trend in air permeance. No tendency was observed in other physical properties. In gen‑ eral, CT presented higher values of thickness, grammage, bulk, and brightness but lower values of apparent density and opacity, compared to MT. The mixture method showed an increasing tendency in strength properties with the increase of nanocel‑ lulose content. CT obtained fewer strength properties compared to MT.
* Matheus Felipe Freire Pego [email protected] 1
Departamento de Ciências Florestais ‑ DCF, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
2
Departamento de Química ‑ DQI, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
3
Laboratório de Celulose, Papel e Embalagem ‑ LCPE, Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Wood Science and Technology
Introduction Brazil has one of the largest pulp and paper industries in the world. These indus‑ tries are responsible for the annual production of approximately 21.1 and 10.4 million tons of pulp and paper, respectively, contributing to the Brazilian econ‑ omy and society in many aspects (IBA 2018). Despite significant numbers, these industries are continually facing concerns and possibilities regarding the qual‑ ity improvement of their products. Thus, demand for quality products, especially for noble applications, is appealing, but requires studies and development of new products, beyond the
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