Nitroaromatic Compounds to Induce a Partial Positive Charge on the Silver Nanoparticle Surface for Facilitated Transport
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Article www.springer.com/13233 pISSN 1598-5032 eISSN 2092-7673
Nitroaromatic Compounds to Induce a Partial Positive Charge on the Silver Nanoparticle Surface for Facilitated Transport Membranes for Olefin/Paraffin Separation Yebin Eum†Byung Su Kim†Il Seok Chae Gi Hyeon Moon Seul Chan Park Jaeyoung Jang* Yong Soo Kang*
Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
Received April 16, 2020 / Revised May 25, 2020 / Accepted June 1, 2020
Abstract: Two nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), 1,2-dinitrobenzene (DNB) and 3,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), were utilized as polarizers to induce a partial positive charge on the silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) surface with the help of the strong electron withdrawing property of the nitro group. Membranes containing surface-charged Ag NPs dispersed in poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) showed remarkably high separation performance for propylene/propane mixtures. The mixed-gas selectivity was higher than 170, which is the highest among polymer-based membranes ever reported including composite membranes, and the propylene permeance was about 0.9 gas permeance unit (GPU). This high separation performance is due to the facilitated olefin transport, where Ag NPs with a positive charge, as an olefin carrier, interact specifically and reversibly with propylene, but not with propane. Therefore, it was found that the facilitated olefin transport yielding extremely high separation performance is strongly associated with the binding energy of silver atoms, which is a measure of the positive charge density on the Ag NP surface. Keywords: polymer membrane, gas separation, olefin/paraffin separation, selectivity, nitroatromatic compounds.
1. Introduction Facilitated transport has attracted much interest both academically and practically because it can increase the transport of a specific component from its mixture while maintaining the transport properties of the rest of the components of the mixture nearly unchanged. Notably, facilitated oxygen transport in the solid state was first demonstrated experimentally by the Tsuchida and Nishide group by incorporating an iron-porphyrin or cobalt-Schiff base complex as a new oxygen carrier into a polymeric matrix of poly(butyl methacrylate) or poly(vinylidene dichloride).1-6 Here, the oxygen carrier coordinatively specifically and reversibly interacts with oxygen, but not with nitrogen. Therefore, carrier-mediated transport occurs in addition to Fickian diffusion through a polymeric matrix, resulting in the facilitated oxygen transport and consequently, a marked improvement of the O2 permeability from 6.4 to 8.8 barrer at around 80 mmHg (1 barrer = 10-10 cm3 (STP) cm/cm2 s cmHg)2, while the N2 permeAcknowledgments: This work was supported by a grant from the Energy Efficiency & Resources program of the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTI) through the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP), Republic of Korea (Grant No. 20122010100040). *Corresponding Authors: Jaeyoung Jang ([email protected]), Yong Soo K
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