Nitrogen Fertilizer Recovery and Partitioning Related to Soybean Yield
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Nitrogen Fertilizer Recovery and Partitioning Related to Soybean Yield Clovis Pierozan Junior 1 & José Laércio Favarin 2 & Bruno Cocco Lago 2 & Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz de Almeida 3 Silas Maciel de Oliveira 4 & Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin 5 & Felipe Brendler Oliveira 2 & Amanda Prado Gilabel 2
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Received: 27 January 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract This study checked the nitrogen (N) uptake, fate of the N fertilizer, fertilizer recovery efficiency (FRE) and the residual amount of N fertilizer in the soil via 15N-labelled fertilizer applied to soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.), to explain any differences in the yields. Two soybean field experiments were established in Brazil, one conducted in a tropical (Trop) zone located at Cerrado Biome and the other in a subtropical (Subt) environment. The experimental design was a 2-factor in randomized complete block with four replications. Five doses of N (0, 20, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha−1) were applied at two soybean growth stages (VE and R3). For all treatments, except No-N, 15N-labelled fertilizer was used. The N uptake and the amount of N fertilizer were analysed in the roots, shoots, grains and whole plant, the FRE and yield by soybean, and the residual of fertilizer in the soil. The total N uptake (Nplant) was greater with fertilization at R3 stage compared to the other stage, and N application increased the yield just at this stage and in the Trop condition. The increase in N shoot (not specifically from fertilizer) with the application at R3 appeared to be related to the increased in yield. However, the N from fertilizer found in the plant shoot was about 20% higher when fertilizer was applied at VE compared with R3. Under Subt condition, the FRE averaging 55%. In contrast, the FRE decreased from low to high nitrogen rates (64 to 40%, respectively) when soybean grown under Trop condition. Most N from fertilizer (38%) was found in the grains, followed by the shoot (14.6%) and the root (0.58%). The use of N fertilizer at reproductive growth stages is a better approach to meet soybean N demand through N fertilization. Potential yield gains are more reliable under Trop condition. Keywords Glycine max . Fertilization . FRE . Ndff . N uptake . Tropical agriculture
* Clovis Pierozan Junior [email protected] 1
Clovis Pierozan Junior, Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Parana, Av. Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto S/N, Palmas, PR, Brazil
2
Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, Piracicaba, SP 11, Brazil
3
Embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture, Av. NS 10, com a Av. LO 18, Água Fria, Caixa Postal N° 90, Palmas, TO, Brazil
4
State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790 - Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR, Brazil
5
Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Centenário, 303 - São Dimas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Abbreviations ANOVA Analysis of variance BNF Biological N2 fixation DAE Days after em
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