Observational study of people infected with SARS-Cov-2, treated with amantadine
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Observational study of people infected with SARS‑Cov‑2, treated with amantadine Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda‑Abreu1 · José D. Aranda‑Martínez2 · Ramiro Araújo3 · María Elena Hernández‑Aguilar1 · Deissy Herrera‑Covarrubias1 · Fausto Rojas‑Durán1 Received: 15 August 2020 / Revised: 16 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 © Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Background We conducted an observational study of 15 patients from a Southeastern area of Mexico with symptoms compatible with SARS-Cov-2, which were treated with the antiviral amantadine. Methodology In this study, data were collected from 15 individuals with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 infection, which were treated on an ambulatory basis with 100 mg of amantadine for a period of 14 days. Results This drug demonstrated its effectiveness, as patients recovered successfully with this treatment without the necessity of attending a hospital to use mechanical ventilation. All patients developed IgG antibodies to SARS-Cov-2. Conclusion Amantadine can be used as a viable and cost-effective alternative for treating people with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov-2) on an ambulatory basis, while the vaccine is not available. Keywords Amantadine · SARS-cov-2 · Celecoxib · Azithromycin
Introduction The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic has left more than 40,000 deaths in Mexico [1]; this is probably because there is no effective treatment that can stop the coronavirus worldwide. Studies have been conducted with hydroxychloroquine in combination with azithromycin; however, this has not been * Gonzalo Emiliano Aranda‑Abreu [email protected] José D. Aranda‑Martínez [email protected] Ramiro Araújo [email protected] María Elena Hernández‑Aguilar [email protected] Deissy Herrera‑Covarrubias [email protected] Fausto Rojas‑Durán [email protected] 1
Universidad Veracruzana/Centro de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
2
Centro Médico Cordobés, Córdoba, Veracruz, México
3
Hospital Da Lapa, Porto, Portugal
successful [2]. Studies have also been done with the antiparasitic Ivermectin, but the results are still controversial [3]. The use of antivirals has been approved by the FDA, such as Remdesivir [4], which is an adenosine nucleotide analogue that disrupts viral replication and inhibits the RNA polymerase enzyme. However, its use requires hospital assistance, since it is administered intravenously, which increases treatment costs due to hospital attention. In 1973 amantadine was approved by the FDA for the treatment of motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease [5]. In 1976, amantadine was developed for the treatment of influenza H1N1 [6, 7]; however, this drug is not recommended for the treatment of influenza, because it mutates and loses sensitivity to the drug [8]. Amantadine has been found to have several benefits, such as being used as an antiparkinsonian, as it is involved in the process of dopamine release [9]. It is important to note that patients with Parkinson’s d
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