Occurrence and role of virioplankton in a tropical estuarine system
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PRIMARY RESEARCH PAPER
Occurrence and role of virioplankton in a tropical estuarine system Anderson S. Cabral . Mariana M. Lessa . Marianne P. Mello . Rafael M. Martins . Fernando H. Pulgati . Rodolfo Paranhos
Received: 15 January 2020 / Revised: 26 August 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Only a few studies have reported on viral dynamics in estuarine environments, and the factors regulating viral ecology are not well known. We herein aimed to address the factors controlling virus– host relationships in tropical estuaries. To accomplish this, we combine a historical data series (2011–2017), containing virus and prokaryote abundances, with environmental data from Guanabara Bay, Brazil. Water quality gradients and tides were found to regulate the structure of prokaryotic communities, and Handling editor: Stefano Amalfitano
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04404-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. A. S. Cabral M. M. Lessa M. P. Mello R. M. Martins R. Paranhos (&) Laboratory of Hydrobiology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
seasonal patterns added complexity to the dynamics of viral populations. Prediction models showed a balance between expected and recorded virus–host relationships. However, changes in virus-microbial ratio (VMR) were found in areas with microorganism increases and regions showing critical environmental changes. Our results demonstrated that VMR changes are multifactorial and cannot be associated with any specific factor. Neither Kill-the-Winner nor Piggyback-the-Winner models can predict VMR in a highly dynamic environment strongly influenced by eutrophication. In sum, it can be concluded that special care is necessary when analyzing models for predicting virus and host abundances, as ecological factors control host distribution and play a significant role in the virus– host relationship. F. H. Pulgati Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
A. S. Cabral Graduate Program in Microbiolgy, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Go´es, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil M. M. Lessa M. P. Mello R. Paranhos Graduate Program in Ecology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Hydrobiologia
Keywords Flow cytometry Virus–microbial ratio Virus–host relationship Piggyback-the-Winner Kill-the-Winner
Introduction To accurately characterize the reach of viral effects on the function of ecosystems, estimating relative viral and host abundance has become indispensable (Wommack & Colwell, 2000; Danovaro et al., 2011). The impact of viruses within microbial communities has been associated with their influence on the microb
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