Optical and electrical conductivity investigations of Fe 3+ -(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) terpolymer complex system
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Infrared (IR) and UV-spectra have been obtained for pure and Fe 3+ -doped acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) terpolymer. IR study revealed the appearance of a new band at about 380 cm" 1 , and a change of the shape and the intensity of the band at 1450-1500 cm" 1 and 2240 cm" 1 indicates the structural change on blending due to the ^-complexes and the complexes of the functional groups with Fe 3+ forming an ion-coordination polymer. The UV spectrum confirms this result. The optical energy for pure and Fe 3+ -doped ABS is found to be 3.75 eV and 3.55 eV, respectively. The dc and ac electrical conductivities have been investigated. The apparent conductivity of high Fe 3+ -doped ABS at the ambient temperature is about six orders of magnitude greater than that of the undoped film. The activation energy drastically decreases as the wt. % of FeCl3 increases. The enhanced conductivity in the complex film may be attributed to the capacity of the dopant to give additional charge carriers. Transport of charge carriers will occur by hopping of charge carriers between close neighbors across the intervening dielectric, probably via a thermally activated process.
I. INTRODUCTION
II. EXPERIMENTAL
Electrical conductivity can be obtained in initially insulating polymer either by modifying the electronic structure of the polymer chain through doping or by filling the material with electrically conducting particles and/or pyrolysis, e.g., pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile. Many studies have been directed toward understanding the role of dopant materials because the mechanical and physical properties of polymers can be tailored to a specific requirement by the admixture of suitable dopant. Electrically conductive plastics have been used as materials for electromagnetic shielding.1 ABS is a kind of electric insulation polymer. It is a good insulating material having low conductivity and low dielectric loss, which can be markedly influenced by doping with suitable impurities. The work reported on superconductor/ ABS composites has been confined to the preparation and the investigation of the dc resistivity and magnetization processes.2 Moreover, no work has been done with trivalent cations, for example FeCl3, as dopant. FeCl3-ABS composite films may introduce a new type of suitable material for future technological applications. Hence in the present work the optical and the electrical behaviors of Fe 3+ -doped ABS composite films will be considered. The material has been characterized by their infrared (IR) and electronic spectroscopy. Further, its electrical conductivity under different conditions has been studied and the results are reported.
The terpolymer acrylonitrile-butandiene-styrene (ABS) used in this investigation3 was supplied by Bayer AG Company, Germany. Anhydrous ferric chloride (FeCl3), used as dopant, was supplied by BDH Chemical Ltd., Pool, England. The terpolymer was dissolved at room temperature in chloroform, and the required amount of FeCl3 was dissolved in ethylalcohol. IR spectra for FeCl 3 , as illustrated in Fi
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