Orchid fleck virus: an unclassified bipartite, negative-sense RNA plant virus
- PDF / 310,727 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 59 Downloads / 140 Views
BRIEF REVIEW
Orchid fleck virus: an unclassified bipartite, negative-sense RNA plant virus De Wei Peng • Guo Hua Zheng • Zhi Zhong Zheng Qing Xuan Tong • Yan Lin Ming
•
Received: 24 June 2012 / Accepted: 2 September 2012 / Published online: 16 October 2012 Ó Springer-Verlag Wien 2012
Abstract Orchid fleck virus (OFV) causes chlorotic or necrotic spots in many orchid species. Its particle morphology and cytopathic effects are similar to those of nucleorhabdoviruses. Although OFV shares clear sequence similarities with rhabdoviruses, its taxonomic status is undetermined because its negative-sense RNA genome is bipartite. This review presents a general overview of classical and contemporary findings about etiology, serology, epidemiology, pathology, molecular biology, detection and prevention methods of orchid fleck virus. Because of the characteristics of OFV and viruses of the Rhabdoviridae and Mononegavirales, it is proposed that a new genus of negative-sense RNA plant viruses outside of the Mononegavirales be established with orchid fleck virus as the type species.
Introduction Orchid fleck virus (OFV) is an orchid-infecting virus that occurs worldwide. It has non-enveloped bullet-shaped or bacilliform particles of approximately 40 9 100-150 nm and can cause chlorotic or necrotic flecks in orchid plants, hence the name [12]. OFV was originally found in leaves of a
Cymbidium sp. with mosaic disease in Japan [11]. Later, similar findings were reported in Germany, Brazil, Korea, Australia, and Costa Rica. OFV can naturally infect about 50 orchid species, while several plant species of the families Chenopodiaceae, Aizoaceae, Fabaceae, and Solanaceae are experimental hosts following mechanical inoculation. OFV is persistently transmitted by Brevipalpus californicus (Banks) mites, which also have a wide geographic distribution. Therefore, OFV is increasingly recognized as an important viral pathogen of orchids, and India has put it on its quarantine list [44]. The cytopathic effects caused by OFV are strikingly similar to those caused by nucleorhabdoviruses, as all of them produce electron-lucent viroplasm in nuclei of host cells. When the molecular properties of OFV were first analyzed in 1998, the virus was shown to have an unusual bipartite, negative-sense RNA genome [33]. Therefore, the taxonomic position of OFV is still in dispute. OFV isolates collected from around the world can be divided into two groups. However, more serological and biological data are needed for considering them as representatives of different strains or different viruses. This summary of research results may contribute to a more detailed understanding of OFV and its taxonomic classification.
Etiology D. W. Peng G. H. Zheng Z. Z. Zheng Q. X. Tong Y. L. Ming (&) Xiamen Overseas Chinese Subtropical Plant Introduction Garden, National Plant Introduction Quarantine Base, Xiamen Key Laboratory for Plant Introduction, Quarantine and Natural Products, Xiamen 361002, Fujian, China e-mail: [email protected] D. W. Peng Y. L. Ming Coll
Data Loading...
