Parent Cultural Stress and Internalizing Problems in Latinx Preschoolers: Moderation by Maternal Involvement and Positiv
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Parent Cultural Stress and Internalizing Problems in Latinx Preschoolers: Moderation by Maternal Involvement and Positive Verbalizations Caleb J. Figge1 · Cecilia Martinez‑Torteya2 · David S. Kosson3 Accepted: 22 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Parent cultural stress has a pervasive and significant impact on family functioning and increases risk for socioemotional problems among Latinx children. Identifying factors that can protect against the negative influence of cultural stressors and enhance the developmental trajectories of Latinx children early in life is key as these children experience disproportionate risk for psychosocial adversity and internalizing mental health problems. The present study evaluated the effect of maternal cultural stress on young children´s internalizing problems, and the moderating role of maternal parenting behaviors. Participants were 65 Latinx children (3 to 5 years old, 50% female) and their mothers (21 to 47 years old, 68% immigrants) recruited from three Head Start Centers in the Chicagoland Area. Mother-reported cultural stress predicted young children’s internalizing problems. In addition, maternal self-reported involvement and observed maternal positive verbalizations during one-on-one interactions with the child moderated the effect of cultural stress on child internalizing symptoms. Findings are discussed in the context of efforts to promote family and child resilience and implications for culturally sensitive measurement and intervention. Keywords Cultural stress · Acculturation · Internalizing problems · Latinx children · Preschool · Parenting
Introduction Internalizing Problems among Latinx Young Children
* Caleb J. Figge [email protected] Cecilia Martinez‑Torteya [email protected] David S. Kosson [email protected] 1
Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
2
Department of Education, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 4500 Pte Col, Jesús M. Garza (Asentamiento Irregular), 66238 San Pedro Garza García, N.L., Mexico
3
College of Health Professions, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
Latinxs account for one fourth of the youth under age 18 in the United States [1] and about 50% of new births in the country each year [2], making Latinx young children the fastest growing demographic group. Latinx young children are at disproportionate risk to experience poverty [3] and to be exposed to environmental stress and trauma during early childhood [4], increasing their risk for a host of psychosocial problems during childhood and throughout their lifetime. For example, Latinx youth are at heightened risk for mental health problems, substance use, low educational attainment, delinquency, and teen pregnancy than White youth in the US [5–8]. Internalizing problems, including symptoms of d
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