Partially Bio-based Colorless and Transparent Poly(amide-imide)s Derived from 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid
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ISSN 1229-9197 (print version) ISSN 1875-0052 (electronic version)
Communication
Partially Bio-based Colorless and Transparent Poly(amide-imide)s Derived from 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid Hansol Jang, Hye Woon Jang, A Young Kim, and Ji Ho Youk* Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea (Received December 19, 2019; Revised January 20, 2020; Accepted January 21, 2020) Abstract: Two series of partially bio-based colorless and transparent poly(amide-imide)s (CPAIs) derived from bio-based 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) were synthesized by a two-step condensation reaction. 4,4'-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride, 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine, and terephthaloyl chloride were used as basic monomers for the CPAIs. The highest bio-based content of the CPAIs was 11.32 %. With increasing contents of FDCA units in the CPAIs, their glass transition temperatures and mechanical properties decreased gradually due to the decreased intermolecular interactions, whereas their transparency and yellowness indices were not significantly affected. The overall properties of the CPAIs are believed to be suitable for applications in optoelectronic device industries. Keywords: Poly(amide-imide)s, Colorless and transparent, Bio-based, 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid
synthesized via two-step condensation and their thermal, mechanical, and optical properties were investigated according to the content of FDCA units.
Introduction Polyimides (PIs) are well known as high performance polymers with outstanding thermal stability, chemical resistance, and mechanical properties. Recently, colorless and transparent PIs (CPIs) have attracted a great deal of attention due to the increasing demand for transparent polymeric films for optoelectronic device industries [1,2]. Conventional PI films are generally colored and not transparent due to the formation of charge transfer complexes (CTC) [3,4]. To prepare CPIs, extensive research has examined the chemical modification of PIs by introducing sulfone, ether, or alicyclic groups into their main chain or by attaching bulky side groups, such as trifluoromethyl (-CF3) group [5-7]. These chemical modifications can suppress the CTC formation of PIs, but degrade their thermal and mechanical properties. To overcome this trade-off relationship, much research has been conducted on the colorless and transparent poly(amide-imide)s (CPAIs). The amide linkages in the CPAI main chains can enhance the solubility, processability, and moldability of CPIs while maintaining their thermal and mechanical properties via intermolecular hydrogen bonding of the amide linkages [8-10]. Biomass is a natural carbon resource, which can sustainably supply valuable intermediates for the production of chemicals and plastics. As one of the top 10 bio-based chemicals, 2,5furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has been widely tested as an important renewable building-block chemical for bio-based polyesters, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins [11-13]. FDCA is also recognized as a suitable replacement for petr
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