Pathogens Detection in the Small Hive Beetle ( Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae))
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SCIENTIFIC NOTE
Pathogens Detection in the Small Hive Beetle (Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)) GF DE LANDA1, MP PORRINI1, P REVAINERA1, DP PORRINI2, J FARINA3, A CORREA-BENÍTEZ4, MD MAGGI1, MJ EGUARAS1, S QUINTANA1 1
Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Univ Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2 GENEBSO, INBIOTEC, UNMdP, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina 3 Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales de Mar del Plata (Lorenzo Scaglia), Buenos Aires, Argentina 4 Depto de Medicina y Zootecnia de Abejas, Conejos y Organismos Acuáticos (DMZA:CyOA), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Univ Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
Keywords Aethina tumida, bee pathogens, molecular detection Correspondence GFernandez de Landa, Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICETCIC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Univ Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; gregoriofdl@ gmail.com
Abstract Aethina tumida Murray is currently a worldwide emergent pest of Apis mellifera L. hives. Although the damaging effect on the colony stores and brood is well known, the possible role of these beetles as a disease carrier is not clear. This is the first report of DNA presence of the trypanosome honeybee parasite Lotmaria passim and Crithidia bombi, and the Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV) in A. tumida. Further studies will be needed to determine if A. tumida is indeed a mechanical or biological vector of these pathogens.
Edited by Alberto S Corrêa – ESALQ/USP Received 8 November 2019 and accepted 10 August 2020 * Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 2020
Aethina tumida Murray, commonly known as the small hive beetle (SHB), belongs to the Nitidulidae family and is a scavenger native to sub-Saharan Africa (Silacci et al 2018). This beetle is considered a pest of honey bees and other social bees like bumble bees and stingless bees (Amos et al 2018) causing significant damage to brood, pollen, and honey stores (Ellis & Hepburn 2006). The life cycle of the SHB is closely linked to colonies of honey bees (Silacci et al 2018). Females of SHB lay several eggs inside the brood cells of the nests and in the cracks of the hive (Neumann et al 2013). On the third day, a larva emerges from each egg and feeds on pollen, honey, and beebread (Neumann et al 2013, Neumann et al 2016). Thirteen days after the hatch of the eggs, the larvae leave the colony and pupate in the soil near to the hive (Amos et al
2018). Larval feeding behavior is associated with fermentation of stored honey and causes great damage to combs, often resulting in the structural collapse of the nest (Lundie 1940). Since 1996, the presence of A. tumida has been reported around the world, particularly in the USA, Australia, Europe, and recently Brazil (Neumann et al 2016 Cilia et al 2018)
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