Pedestrian wind comfort near a super-tall building with various configurations in an urban-like setting
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Pedestrian wind comfort near a super-tall building with various configurations in an urban-like setting
1. Department of Architectural and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Ave, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China 2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China 3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China 4. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Abstract
Keywords
Pedestrian wind comfort near a 400 m super-tall building in high and low ambient wind speeds, referred to as Windy and Calm climates, is evaluated by conducting computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The super-tall building has 15 different configurations and is located at the center of 50 m medium-rise buildings in an urban-like setting. Pedestrian level mean wind speeds near the super-tall building is obtained from three-dimensional (3D), steady-state, Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-based simulations for five incident wind directions (θ = 0°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, 180°) that are subsequently compared with two wind comfort criteria specified for Calm and Windy climates. Results show a 1.53 times increase in maximum mean wind speed in the urban area after the construction of a square-shaped super-tall building. The escalated mean wind speeds result in a 23%–15% and 36%–29% decrease in the area with “acceptable wind comfort” in Calm and Windy climates, respectively. The area with pedestrian wind comfort varies significantly with building configuration and incident wind direction, for example, the configurations with sharp corners, large plan aspect ratios and, frontal areas and the orientation consistently show a strong dependency on incident wind direction except for the one with rounded plan shapes. Minor aerodynamic modifications such as corner modifications and aerodynamically-shaped configurations such as tapered and setback buildings show promise in improving pedestrian wind comfort in Windy climate.
pedestrian wind comfort,
Introduction
Since the beginning of the construction of tall buildings in cities, there was a public outcry about unpleasant and dangerous high-speed wind found near the base of tall buildings. Many of such incidents were recorded in countries including the United States (Durgin 1992), the United Kingdom (Penwarden and Wisse 1975; Lee and Hussain 1979), Canada (Isyumov 1978), Japan (Kamei and Maruta 1979; Murakami et al. 1979; Murakami et al. 1986), Australia (Melbourne 1978a), and France (Gandemer 1978a). The strong wind flows found near tall buildings are the results E-mail: [email protected]
super-tall building, building configuration, urban wind environment, computational fluid dynamics simulation
Article History Received: 14 January 2020 Revised: 10 April 2020 Accepted: 30 April 2020 © Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
of intense downwash, which
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