Peptidoglycan Hydrolases of Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici NCDC 252: Isolation, Physicochemical and In Silico Charac
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Peptidoglycan Hydrolases of Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici NCDC 252: Isolation, Physicochemical and In Silico Characterization Dimpi Gandhi1 · Preeti Chanalia1 · Poonam Bansal1 · Suman Dhanda1 Accepted: 25 December 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Pediococcus acidilactici NCDC 252 is a Gram-positive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that is being studied to develop it as probiotic and starter culture for dairy and meat industry. Peptidoglycan hydrolases (PGHs) are also gaining interest because of their antibacterial activity. NCDC 252 genome was searched for PGH encoded genes and product of these genes were in silico characterized for different parameters. Extracellular PGHs of NCDC 252 were precipitated and characterized. PGHs were screened turbidometrically with Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus albus as substrates. Spectrum of PGH(s) was studied in renaturing SDS-PAGE by varying substrates and renaturing conditions. PGH(s) band intensity decreased in the presence of NaCl whereas some additional secondary lytic bands appeared in the presence of EDTA. Autolysis of LAB in cheese and other fermented food products is associated with release of oligopeptides by proteolysis and other enzyme activities. Autolytic phenotype of P. acidilactici was evaluated and characterized. Lytic activity studies revealed 45–60% activity against Micrococcus lysodeikticus and B. cereus greater than for P. acidilactici. PGH of P. acidilactici exhibited broad growth inhibiting spectrum of antibacterial activity against studied Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and thus can be promising in controlling pathogenic bacteria. This also confers probiotic attribute to the studied strain. Keywords Lactic acid bacteria · P. acidilactici · Peptidoglycan hydrolases · Probiotics · Antibacterial activity
Introduction Lysis of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) holds special interest due to their use as starter culture and results in release of cytoplasmic peptidases, lipases and other enzymes. Pediococcus acidilactici NCDC 252 is an industrially important LAB of dairy origin with probiotic attributes (Attri et al. 2012, 2015). Pediocoocus sp. was also studied for dietary effects as industrial probiotic (Mikulski et al. 2012). Being facultative anaerobe, its use can be extended to broad range of processes such as in food products viz meat, milk and * Suman Dhanda [email protected]; [email protected] Dimpi Gandhi [email protected] Preeti Chanalia [email protected] Poonam Bansal [email protected] 1
Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
vegetables to improve their quality and safety along with an important role in cheese ripening. Peptidoglycan, a major component of bacterial cell is composed of alternating N-acetylglucosaminyl and N-acetylmuramyl residues with cross-linking short peptides of different composition (Vollmer et al. 2008). Peptidoglycan Hydrolases (PGHs) cleave peptide bonds of peptidoglycan and depending upon hydrolytic specificity they are classified as N-acet
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