Platform based Detection Technologies from Micro scale to Nanoscale
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0915-R06-34
Platform based Detection Technologies from Micro scale to Nanoscale vindhya kunduru1, Sudhaprasanna Kumar Padigi2, and Shalini Prasad3 1 ECE, Portland State University, Portland, 97201 2 ECE, Portland, 97201 3 ECE, Portland State University, 160-11, FAB 1900 SW 4th ave, Portland, OR, 97201
Abstract Rapid, multiplexed, high throughput detection of proteins is essential for the development of protein biomarkers as sensors. Electrical alignment and detection is a noninvasive, label free technique for rapid identification of bimolecular. We present here a micro fabricated platform based detector for rapidly identifying protein biomarkers present in atherosclerotic plaque for rapid clinical diagnosis of arterial obstruction. This is achieved by electrical assembly of polystyrene beads functionalized with specific antibody receptors (anti-C-reactive protein) .The electrical assembly is achieved using electrophoresis. The polystyrene “bridge” micro structure formed due to electrical assembly aids in the amplification of the antibody-antigen binding event. Antigen (C-reactive protein) at nanogram / ml concentration was detected when binding of the antigen resulted in an amplification of the electrical signal that was measured from the base microelectrode platform. This technique is a demonstration of the application of microscale technology (electrodes) in nanoscale (protein) electrical detection. 1. Introduction Atherosclerosis is a general term used to describe the hardening and thickening of arteries. This is a result of undesired accumulation of fatty substances, calcium, fibrin and cellulose wastes along the inner walls of the arteries. This slow, yet progressive disease may become fatal when the patient is operated upon for arterial blockages3. The amount of C-reactive protein (CRP) - a major component of plaque, present in blood will indicate to surgeons if the patient will survive perioperative surgery or not3. Under such circumstances, rapid and highly sensitive bed-side detection can save the patient’s life by avoiding unnecessary complications after surgery. Proteins play a crucial role as sensors and detectors in clinical diagnostics, drug development and toxic proteomics. Detecting such protein abnormalities in patients will allow physicians to more rapidly diagnose and better monitor drug efficiency for the disease or disorder. Here, we discuss rapid, noninvasive and label-free detection schemes which prove to be not only easy but also highly sensitive for such accuracy demanding applications4. Polystyrene beads surface functionalized with anti-CRP are suspended in aqueous medium. Silicon based microelectrode arrays fabricated using standard photolithography techniques are used as the platforms for this electrical sensing method. The principle of electrically aligning the antibody coated microspheres is based on the electrokinetic effect of “electrophoresis”. The antigen/protein CRP is injected onto this electrical assembly and the antibody-antigen binding event is monitored using sensitive elect
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