Power saving with CoMP transmission for densely deployed small cell networks
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Power saving with CoMP transmission for densely deployed small cell networks Linjing Zhao1
· Xiaonan Zhang1 · Ying Han1 · Kang G. Shin2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Small cell base stations (SBSs) are being developed as a way of expanding the coverage of cellular networks. However, the power consumption of small cell networks has become an acute problem. To mitigate this problem, we propose a new power-saving scheme based on coordinate multi-point (CoMP) transmission for densely deployed small cell networks. This scheme turns off lightly loaded SBSs and switches their users to the cooperative clusters formed by their neighbor SBSs. The cooperative clusters adopt the virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology to serve the users in the switched-off SBSs. To achieve high power-efficiency, we first model the power consumption of all the SBSs by considering the quality of service of users in the switched-off SBSs and then provide in-depth proofs and analysis according to characteristics of small cell networks. Our extensive simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves system power-saving efficiency significantly. Keywords Small cell networks · Power saving · Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) · Virtual multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) technology
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Linjing Zhao [email protected]; [email protected] Xiaonan Zhang [email protected] Ying Han [email protected] Kang G. Shin [email protected]
1
Xidian University, Xi’an, China
2
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
123
L. Zhao et al.
1 Introduction With the wide deployment of wireless access networks, reducing energy consumption in communications has become an important problem. Some researchers have investigated the energy harvesting of ambient energy from sources such as the sun, radio waves, and vibration, which are then converted to electricity for use or energy storage [1–3] while others have studied how to achieve a higher efficiency in using existing energy resources [4]. The focus of this paper is on the latter to improve energy efficiency. In parallel with these efforts, small cell base stations (SBSs), such as micro-, pico-, and femto-cells, have been developed and deployed to expand the capacity and coverage of macro-cellular networks [5], especially in public hotspots, such as enterprise buildings and shopping malls. In these hotspots, the wireless signal from the macro base stations (MBS) is usually weak due to the walls and physical obstacles, and hence SBSs are employed to expand coverage for indoor users. Let’s consider densely deployed small cell networks in an enterprise building where SBSs are placed irregularly by subscribers. The location of these SBSs would not change for a certain period of time after their installation, while the number of users in the small cell networks usually varies with time from nearly zero after work to almost full during the working hours. Note, however, that even lightly loaded SBSs would still consume a
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