Prevalence and control implications of bovine trypanosomes in endemic areas of northern Uganda
- PDF / 539,720 Bytes
- 6 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 41 Downloads / 193 Views
REGULAR ARTICLES
Prevalence and control implications of bovine trypanosomes in endemic areas of northern Uganda Wangoola Robert Mandela 1 & Wampande Eddie 2 & Susan Welburn 3 & James Bugeza 4 Rodney Okwasiimire 2 & Callistus W. Baliddawa 5 & Charles Waiswa 1
&
J. B. Bahungirehe 1 &
Received: 23 February 2020 / Accepted: 13 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT), a disease complex caused by tsetse fly–transmitted Trypanosoma brucei brucei, T. congolense savannah ITS, and T. vivax, continues to inflict heavy losses to the animal industry in terms of decreased livestock production and productivity. Live bait technology and chemotherapy have been used as a control strategy in northern Uganda since 2006 with minimal success. Here, we report the results of a cross-sectional study carried out in Lango subregion, Uganda, to assess the species prevalence of bovine trypanosome in cattle using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of trypanosome ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Blood samples were collected from 1090 cattle by ear vein puncture and screened using a single pair of primers designed to amplify ITS ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Our results indicate an overall prevalence of 40.18% (438/1090, 95% CI 30.82–54.51). T. vivax constituted 32.66% (356/1090), T. congolense 2.39% (26/1090), T. brucei 1.28% (14/1090), T. godfreyi 0.09%(1/1090), T. brucei and T. congolense 0.36% (4/1090), T. brucei and T. vivax 1.47% (16/1090), T. vivax and T. congolense 1.65% (18/1090), T. vivax and T. simiae 0.18% (2/1090), and T. vivax and T. godfreyi 0.09% (1/1090) of infections. Over 91.7% of infections involved single species, while 9.5% were mixed infections. Over 90.2% (37/41) of the mixed infections involved T. vivax as one of the species, while 53.7% (22/41) involved T. congolense. The high prevalence of AAT and the continued presence of T. brucei raise public health concerns because of the zoonotic implications. An integrated approach that involves mass treatment of cattle, vector, and animal movement control should be adopted to reduce the risk of both AAT and HAT. Keywords African animal trypanosomiasis . Deoxyribonucleic acid . Polymerase chain reaction . Prevalence
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02353-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * James Bugeza [email protected] 1
Coordinating Office for Control of Trypanosomiasis in Uganda (COCTU), Kampala, Uganda
2
College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
3
Edinburgh Medical School: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
4
National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), Tororo, Uganda
5
Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) affects the health and productivity of livestock, and it is estimated that 45 to 60 million cattle and tens of mil
Data Loading...
