Prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of imported and local malaria cases in North-Western Province, Zambia: a cr
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(2020) 19:430 Chipoya and Shimaponda‑Mataa Malar J https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03504-1
Open Access
RESEARCH
Prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of imported and local malaria cases in North‑Western Province, Zambia: a cross‑sectional study Maureen N. Chipoya and Nzooma M. Shimaponda‑Mataa*
Abstract Background: Imported malaria is a major challenge for countries that are in malaria elimination stage such as Zambia. Legitimate cross-border activities add to the risk of transmission, necessitating determination of prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of imported and local malaria. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 103 consented child and adult patients with clinical malaria symptoms, from selected health facilities in north-western Zambia. Patient demographic data and blood samples for malaria microscopy and full blood count were obtained. Chi-square and penalized logistic regression were performed to describe the characteristics and assess the risk factors of imported and local malaria in North-Western Province. Results: Overall, malaria prevalence was 78.6% with 93.8% Plasmodium falciparum and 6.2% other species. The local cases were 72 (88.9%) while the imported were 9 (11.1%) out of the 81 positive participants. About 98.6% of the local cases were P. falciparum compared to 55.6% (χ2 = 52.4; p
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