Prevalence of obesity and clinical and metabolic correlates in first-episode schizophrenia relative to healthy controls
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ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION
Prevalence of obesity and clinical and metabolic correlates in first-episode schizophrenia relative to healthy controls Yang Tian 1,2 & Dongmei Wang 1,2 & Gaoxia Wei 1,2 & Jiesi Wang 1,2 & Huixia Zhou 1,2 & Hang Xu 1,2 & Qilong Dai 1,2 & Meihong Xiu 3 & Dachun Chen 3 & Li Wang 1,2 & Xiang Yang Zhang 1,2 Received: 18 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objective People with schizophrenia exhibit a high obesity rate. However, little is known about the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with clinical symptoms and metabolic indicators in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) schizophrenia. Methods Demographic and lipid parameters were gathered from 297 FEDN schizophrenia and 325 healthy controls. The patients’ symptomatology was evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results The obesity rate of FEDN patients was 10.77%, similar to that of controls (10.5%). The prevalence of overweight plus obesity of patients was 44.8%, significantly higher than that of controls (36.6%). Compared with non-obese patients, obese patients had higher levels of cholesterol (4.81 ± 0.93 vs 4.22 ± 1.00 mmol/L), triglyceride (0.27 ± 0.21 vs 0.14 ± 0.24 mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein (0.48 ± 0.12 vs 0.40 ± 0.12 mg/dL), greater ratio of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (2.01 ± 1.23 vs 1.44 ± 1.26), and higher PANSS positive symptom subscale score (29.81 ± 6.29 vs 27.05 ± 6.15), general psychopathology subscale score (70.75 ± 11.74 vs 66.87 ± 11.37), and total score (149.81 ± 21.08 vs 140.64 ± 21.58), but lower high-density lipoprotein level (1.09 ± 0.21 vs 1.27 ± 0.34 mg/dL) (all p < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) was positively correlated with triglyceride, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio, PANSS positive symptoms, general psychopathology, and total scores (all p < 0.05, r = 0.124 ~ 0.335). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that PANSS positive symptoms, total score, and cholesterol level were significantly associated with BMI (all p < 0.05, β: 0.126–0.162). Conclusion There was no significant difference in the prevalence of obesity between FEDN patients and the control group. Moreover, BMI was positively associated with positive symptom severity in FEDN patients. Keywords First-episode drug-naïve with schizophrenia . Clinical symptom . Obesity . Body mass index
Introduction Obesity is a common comorbid condition in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, with almost one in two patients being obese (Mitchell et al. 2011), which is 1.5 to 4 times that of the general population (Finucane et al. 2011; Koffarnus * Xiang Yang Zhang [email protected] 1
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
2
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
3
Beijing HuiLongGuan
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