Production Technology of an Anthelmintic Drug from Ammothamnus Lehmannii Roots
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Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, Vol. 54, No. 9, December, 2020 (Russian Original Vol. 54, No. 9, September, 2020)
MEDICINAL PLANTS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF AN ANTHELMINTIC DRUG FROM AMMOTHAMNUS LEHMANNII ROOTS M. A. Mamatkhanova,1,* Zh. I. Islamova,1 R. M. Khalilov,1 and A. U. Mamatkhanov1 Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 54, No. 9, pp. 37 – 42, September, 2020.
Original article submitted June 9, 2020. It was established that roots of Ammothamnus lehmannii should be extracted with EtOH (90%) at room temperature at least five times for effective extraction of total flavonoids from them. At least five extractions with BuOH of the bottom residue of the A. lehmannii extract were necessary for almost complete extraction of total flavonoids from it. Conditions for isolation of flavonoids were determined and included dissolution of the crude product in alkaline solution (3%) followed by acidification to pH 5.0 – 7.0. A technological scheme for isolation of a drug composition consisting of total flavonoids from A. lehmannii roots was developed. A spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of the resulting total flavonoids was proposed. Total flavonoids isolated from A. lehmannii roots had a pronounced anthelmintic effect with anticestodal activity exceeding that of the pure flavonoid ammothamnidine and could be recommended as a potential effective antiparasitic drug. Keywords: Ammothamnus lehmannii, flavonoids, ammothamnidine, anthelmintic drug.
Recently, herbal preparations are being used more and more often to increase therapeutic efficacy because resistance of parasites to existing chemotherapeutics has increased [7]. Screening of natural compounds for antiparasitic activity and the design of drugs based on them remains crucial because they are less heterologous for humans than synthetic preparations and rather widely used by certain population cohorts, primarily children and weakened patients. Therefore, the discovery and development of new efficacious nontoxic anthelmintic agents among various classes of natural compounds are exceedingly important. Flavonoids from Ammothamnus lehmannii roots are very interesting in this respect. A. lehmannii Bunge (Fabaceae, bean family) is a low bush. Roots of A. lehmannii contain 4.7 – 5.1% organic acids such as citric, malic, tartaric, oxalic, lactic, succinic, maleic, and phenolcarboxylic acids and their derivatives, e.g., p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechoic, and ferulic. Alkaloids (matrine N-oxide, sophocarpidine, cytisine) make up 0.12 – 0.72% [8]. The flavonoids ammothamnidine, quercetin, luteolin, and lehmannine were isolated from roots of this plant [8, 9].
Parasitic diseases are significant among infectious diseases. The incidence of intestinal parasitosis has been increasing because the negative effects of this disease group on human health has been underestimated [1, 2]. Intestinal parasitosis destroys the integrity of the intestinal barrier and condition of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract mucus, causing the manifestation of differe
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