Propulsion Platform 4.X - Emissions, CO 2 and Driving Experience in Conflict
- PDF / 858,517 Bytes
- 5 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 74 Downloads / 150 Views
© AVL
Propulsion Platform 4.X – Emissions, CO2 and Driving Experience in Conflict A higher proportion of vehicles with hybrid drives could make an important contribution to reducing CO2 emissions of road transport. However, a number of factors still impede the wider distribution of this alternative, especially the higher development and product costs. AVL has developed its affordable propulsion platform 4.X in order to expand the system simulation with these aspects.
NUMBER OF ELECTRIFIED VEHICLES RISES SIGNIFICANTLY
The EU vehicle registrations of the first quarter of 2020 increase significantly to 8 % of strongly electrified or electric vehicles – this is more than a doubling in a year-to-year comparison to 2019. That point leads to a fleet CO2 drop from approximately 121 [1] to approximately 106 g/km in NEDC [2]. Taking a closer look at the sales figures and model line-up of sold vehicles reveals most cars
52
sold were in the medium to premium price segment. One possible conclusion is that products with lower prices generate more fleet CO2. A reason for this may be that the lower price vehicles offer only limited solutions for an inexpensive CO2 reduction. The provision of an inexpensive product and an associated affordable powertrain is a highly complex task with many influencing factors and boundaries, FIGURE 1. There are several technology paths that can meet the requirements illus-
trated in FIGURE 1. Because cost-effective technologies are a key element to rapidly decarbonizing mobility, especially in large-volume segments, the challenge is to provide an effective technology per vehicle and within fleet CO2 costs. Depending on the OEM position and the fleet composition, there are different ways to fulfil these requirements. One of them is to just upgrade the exhaust aftertreatment system of ICE powertrains for Euro 7 without electrification of the powertrain. This can lead to a reduction
in performance in case of dynamic cold drive-off condition. In this case, the fleet CO2 is achieved in combination with Battery-electric Vehicles (BEVs). Due to the 90 to 180 % higher powertrain costs for BEVs, this represents a challenge in terms of the affordability of the product in the small and medium price segments. Such a strategy results in a powertrain fleet cost increase of 30 to 57 %, as shown in FIGURE 2 as “Powertrain Fleet Cost Factor.” Another option is the path via Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). Although this approach realizes the 2025 goal, it is questionable whether the 2030 goal can be achieved. However, the cost increase per vehicle powertrain of 30 to 40 % with a CO2 reduction of up to 35 % is much closer to an ICE-only solution in terms of costs. Based on the powertrain system costs of the fleet, this example shows an increase of 36 to 41 %. The third option is a mixed scenario, which has the potential to have lower costs per vehicle and a similar cost factor for the powertrain fleet as the BEV-only path shown in FIGURE 2. In order to further improve the mixed approach of FIGURE 2, the hybrid s
Data Loading...
