Re-usage of the Waste Drug as Molecular Chemosensor for Fe 3+ Ion: Application towards Fluorescent Ink
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Re-usage of the Waste Drug as Molecular Chemosensor for Fe3+ Ion: Application towards Fluorescent Ink Aishwarya Nadgir 1 & Malatesh S. Pujar 1 & Vani R. Desai 2 & Ashok H. Sidarai 1 Received: 13 March 2020 / Accepted: 23 June 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Herein, a novel notion is used to reuse an expired drug namely Telmisartan (Sensor 2) to optically sense the Fe3+ metal ion. Direct re-usage of the drug avoided wearisome procedures of synthesis, hence proved the method as simple and economic. Sensor 2 found highly stable in the temperature range 25–75 °C. Relative fluorescence was almost the same even after 35 days of observation. There were no significant changes in wavelength even after adding different concentrations of FeCl3, which shows the high stability of the compound. The value of Limit of Detection (LOD) observed was 34.2 nM. FTIR studies confirmed the presence of carboxylic group. The method of fluorescence quenching was used to detect the Fe3+ ion. The association between Sensor 2 and Fe3+ was analyzed using Benesi-Hildebrand relation. Positive deviation from the linearity of S-V plots suggested that the quenching was not purely dynamic. Further, this deviation was analyzed by the sphere of action quenching model. To investigate whether the quenching is diffusion limited, we applied the finite sink approximation model and deduced that quenching is due to both static and dynamic processes. Due to the high fluorescence property of the molecule, it was successfully tested to be used as fluorescent ink. Keywords Waste drug . Fe3+ sensor . Finite sink model . Fluorescent ink
Introduction Heavy metal ions in their minute proportion are very essential to lead a regular and healthful life. But the presence of high concentrations of these metal ions in the environment can be malignant to humans as well as aquatic animals. Hence there is a need to develop a sensor for these metal ions. [1] In recent periods fluorescent chemosensors are gaining attention with acceleration because of their low cost, simplicity, selectivity, and sensitivity. [2, 3] For selective sensing, the methods like Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering(SERS), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy(AAS), Electro analytical method, etc. are of high cost and require sophisticated instruments, surface modification. They also include wearisome sample
* Ashok H. Sidarai [email protected] 1
Department of Studies in Physics, Karnatak University Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India
2
Department of Physics, BLDE Association’s S.B Arts and KCP Science college Vijayapura, Karnataka 586103, India
preparation. [4] Hence more and more researches are being conducted on the development of fluorescent chemosensors. Fe3+ is extremely important in many processes such as oxygen metabolism in humans. It is also known for its oxygen transporting ability of heme, which is an essential element of hemoglobin. Fe3+ also plays an important role in DNA and RNA synthesis. [5, 6] Low intake of iron c
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