Reactor antineutrino detector iDREAM
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actor Antineutrino Detector iDREAM1 M. B. Gromovb, G. A. Lukyanchenkoc, G. J. Novikovad, B. A. Obinyakovc, A. Y. Oralbaevc, *, M. D. Skorokhvatovc, e, S. V. Sukhotinc, A. S. Chepurnova, and A. V. Etenkoc aSkobeltsyn
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia c National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia dInstitute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312 Russia e National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] bDepartment
Abstract—The prototype of an industrial reactor antineutrino detector iDREAM is constructed to demonstrate the capability of real-time remote monitoring of PWR operation by the neutrino method. DOI: 10.1134/S1063779617060193
1. INTRODUCTION The Russian State Corporation ROSATOM is one of the few participants of the international market of NPP construction and complete nuclear cycle support in other than NPP-developer states. It is expected that by 2050 NPPs would produce 45–50 per cent of the total amount of electricity consumed worldwide. The neutrino method for monitoring nuclear reactor operation modes was proposed in 1980 at the Kurchatov Institute and experimentally proved at Rovenskaya NPP [1]. This method is based on recording of inverse beta decay reaction products in a liquid organic scintillator optimized for efficient neutron capture. 2. PROJECT OBJECTIVE The objective of the iDREAM (industrial Detector for REactor Antineutrino Monitoring) prototype construction is to demonstrate the application of the neutrino method in the conditions of an industrial NPP with pressurized water reactors aimed at increasing the efficiency of fissionable materials nonproliferation and development of a new standard device providing additional information to the NPP personnel on the reactor core state. The detector is designed to operate in the “black box” mode connected via protected communication channels, for example, with the International Atomic Energy Agency. Thus, iDREAM is the source of data on thermal power of the reactor and the fuel burnup dynamics obtained by measuring the antineutrino flux from the core. Compact size, low cost, and anticipated high efficiency of reactor anti1 Talk at the International Session-Conference of SNP PSD RAS
“Physics of Fundamental Interactions”, JINR, Dubna, April 12–15, 2016.
neutrino detection makes this detector a unique research tool for investigation of promising nuclear reactors. A possible detector location at an NPP with a pressurized water reactor is the room under the ionization chambers below the reactor, see Fig. 1. 3. DETECTOR DESIGN The detector design (Fig. 2) implies two concentric stainless-steel vessels covered by the common sealed cap. The inner vessel is separated by a convex transparent PMMA membrane and is viewed by 16 PMTs. The space of the inner vessel under the membrane with a volume of 1 m3 is filled with the gad
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