Recovery of melon residues ( Cucumis melo ) to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Recovery of melon residues (Cucumis melo) to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes Daniela Rodríguez-Luna 1 & Héctor A. Ruiz 2 & Susana González-Morales 3 & Alberto Sandoval-Rangel 4 & Marcelino Cabrera de la Fuente 4 & Ana V. Charles-Rodríguez 5 & Armando Robledo-Olivo 5 Received: 6 July 2020 / Revised: 1 September 2020 / Accepted: 2 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass is considered the raw material of the future to produce ethanol, due to its low cost and its enormous availability. Lignocellulosic enzymes play a crucial role in the costs and sustainability of biorefining processes by promoting the biomass fractionation. In this study, the melon waste was used as inducer source to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes by Aspergillus niger M4 strain under submerged fermentation (SmF). The chemical characterization of the whole fruit showed a high content of sugars, as well as hemicellulose, followed by lignin and cellulose. The dried and crushed melon was used as a substrate in submerged fermentation, to induce the synthesis of lignocellulosic enzymes. The Aspergillus niger M4 strain was able to grow and synthesize lignocellulose degrading enzymes, allowing free-glucose values of 3.7 g/L. The culture broth showed endo-glucanase activity (1.21 U/mL), xylanase activity (11.00 U/mL), and laccase activity (18.23 U/mL). The entire melon (Cucumis melo L.) wastes can be used as a substrate in the lignocellulosic enzyme production by submerged fermentation process for further application in the biomass pretreatment for bioethanol production. Keywords Cellulase . Xylanase . Laccase . Aspergillus niger M4 . Cantaloupe
1 Introduction The high and growing amount of food residues that are wasted today makes it necessary to search for alternatives that will revalue these wastes. An option for this problem is the production of second-generation bioethanol, which allows * Armando Robledo-Olivo [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Postgraduate Program in Horticulture, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
2
Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
3
CONACyT - Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, 25315 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
4
Horticulture Department, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
5
Food Science and Technology Department, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
reducing the volume of waste and proposes an alternative to the use of fossil fuels [1]. Bioethanol is considered a viable alternative as an energy source to replace gasoline. For the conversion of lignocellulosic materials, various pretreatment methods are used in the first stage [2–5] to expose the cellulose a
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