Reducing Environmental Pollution of Fuel Fly Ash by Extraction and Removal Vanadium Pentoxide
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educing Environmental Pollution of Fuel Fly Ash by Extraction and Removal Vanadium Pentoxide Mohammad Hakimia,*, Parvin Kiania,**, Mina Alikhania,***, Nourollah Feizia,****, Alireza Mazloumi Bajestanib,*****, and Paransa Alimarda,****** a Chemistry b
Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, 19395-4697 Iran Geology Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, 19395-4697 Iran *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected] ***e-mail: [email protected] ****e-mail: [email protected] *****e-mail: [email protected] ******e-mail: [email protected] Received March 20, 2020; revised April 27, 2020; accepted June 3, 2020
Abstract—In the current project, V2O5 extraction from fuel fly ash was carried out, and the advanced extraction method was investigated. This reduced the percentage of industrial fuel fly ash residue pollution in the environment. The project was done with two materials: V2O5 and fuel fly ash. The extraction method includes alkaline leaching, pH regulation, ammonium compounds addition, and calcination. The experiment was identified using V2O5 as the primary material. Under the optimum amounts, the extraction efficiencies of V2O5 reached 92.9%, 92.9%, 99.6%. moreover, V2O5 eliminated over 90% of fuel fly ash. The obtained products were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Alkaline fusion-ICPMMS, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR). Keywords: V2O5, Fuel fly ash, Extraction, Pollution, environment, Alkaline leaching, Ammonium compounds DOI: 10.3103/S0361521920050055
1. INTRODUCTION Increasing environmental pollution is becoming a vital global concern, particularly concerning the hazardous wastes when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate. The vanadium oxide is one of the chemical compounds which pollute the environment [1]. Vanadium is mainly extracted from various ores; more than 87% of vanadium sources are located in China [2]. Also, flue gas deposits from oil-fired furnaces may contain over 50% vanadium pentoxide [3]. Combustion of heavy fuels, especially in oil-fired power plants, refineries, and industrial boilers, and coal are the primary source of anthropogenic emissions of vanadium into the atmosphere [4]. During the combustion of residual oils, various compounds such as vanadium pentoxide, vanadium tetroxide, vanadium trioxide, and vanadium dioxide are obtained from the oxidation of organovanadium compounds in the fuel oilsthat are emitted as fly ash into the atmosphere [5].
The probable oral lethal dose of vanadium pentoxide for humans is between 5 and 50 mg/kg and its toxicity is about the same as pentavalent arsenic. A person with chronic respiratory disease is at higher risk when exposed to this substance [6]. Vanadium pentoxide appears to be the only vanadium compound for which ocular disturbances have been reported. The dust causes a sensation of burning and irritation of eyes an
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