Removal of textile dyes from industrial effluents using burnt brick pieces: adsorption isotherms, kinetics and desorptio
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Removal of textile dyes from industrial effluents using burnt brick pieces: adsorption isotherms, kinetics and desorption T. P. K. Kulasooriya1 · N. Priyantha1 · A. N. Navaratne1 Received: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Textile dyes, namely Sumifix Blue Exf (Dye 1), Sumifix Rubine Exf (Dye 2) and Sumifix Yellow Exf (Dye 3), show their characteristic λmax values at 605 nm, 545 nm and 415 nm, respectively. Gel electrophoresis of the three individual dyes investigated indicates that all of them are negatively charged. Among different adsorbents, brick clay shows the highest efficiency for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution. The optimum values of experimental parameters, namely treatment temperature, adsorbent dosage, shaking time, settling time and initial solution pH determined to be 200 °C, 4.0 g, 15.0 min, 15.0 min and pH Dye 3 (3333 mg kg−1 min−1), and further, real dye effluent containing each of the above dyes having calculated initial concentrations of 42 mg L−1 (Dye 1), 106 mg L−1 (Dye 2) and 39 mg L−1 (Dye 3), shows, 87%, 86% and 45% removal efficiencies at their λmax values with the treatment of burnt brick clay particles under optimized conditions. Desorption of the dyes from the dye-adsorbed adsorbent indicates that desorption prefers basic conditions. Keywords Textile industry · Anionic dyes · Burnt brick clay · Isotherms · Kinetics · Desorption
1 Introduction Dye pigments lead to selective reflection or transmission of incident light when applied to a substrate. Many industries, including textile, pulping, pharmaceutical, tanneries and bleaching, use dyes for their operations. In the dying process, 10–25% of dyes are typically lost, which would subsequently contaminate the effluent [1]. Thus, discharge of untreated dye effluents to the environment is undesirable due to its color, toxicity and carcinogenic nature. Most dyes are non-biodegradable, having carcinogenic action or cause allergies, dermatitis or skin irritation. Various dyes, mainly aromatic compounds, show
both acute and chronic toxicity. High potential health risk is caused by adsorption of azo dyes and their breakdown products through the gastrointestinal tract, skin, lungs and also formation of hemoglobin adducts and disturbance of blood formation. LD50 values reported for aromatic azo dyes range between 100 and 2000 mg kg−1 body weight. Several azo dyes cause damage on DNA that can lead to the genesis of malignant tumors [1, 2]. Another problem associated with dyes in textiles industry is the excessive use of water, which would ultimately be discharged with dyes. As dyes and their degraded products show long-term stability, they could be accumulated in sediments, fish or other aquatic life forms [1].
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03533-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * T. P. K. Kulasooriya, [email protected] | 1Department of Chemistry,
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