Respiratory Disease and its Management

Recent advances in training for Intensive Care Medicine (ICM) have led to the introduction of competency based training, with a strong focus on the development of specific competencies at basic, intermediate and advanced stages of learning. This ensures t

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Series Editors John Knighton, MBBS, MRCP, FRCA Consultant Intensive Care Medicine & Anaesthesia Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust Portsmouth UK

Paul Sadler, MBChB, FRCA Consultant Critical Care Medicine & Anaesthesia Queen Alexandra Hospital Portsmouth UK

Founding Editor John S.P. Lumley Emeritus Professor of Vascular Surgery University of London London UK and Honorary Consultant Surgeon Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust (GOSH) London UK Other titles in this series Renal Failure and Replacement Therapies edited by Sara Blakeley

A. McLuckie

Respiratory Disease and its Management

Angela McLuckie, FRCA, FJFICM Department of Intensive Care Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust London UK

ISSN: 1864-9998 ISBN: 978-1-84882-094-4 e-ISBN: 978-1-84882-095-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-095-1 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2009929351 © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licenses issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc., in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Contents

Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

vii

Chapter 1 Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ALI/ARDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David C.J. Howell and Geoffrey J. Bellingan

1

Chapter 2 Life-Threatening Asthma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John E.S. Park and Mark J.D. Griffiths

19

Chapter 3 Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard Leach

29

Chapter 4 Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aimee Brame and Andrew Jones

41

Chapter 5 Pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard Leach

51

Chapter 6 Pleural Effusions in the Critically Ill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philip S. Marino

61

Chapter 7 Pneumothorax in the Critical