Rice EARLY SENESCENCE 2 , encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase, is involved in leaf senescence
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Rice EARLY SENESCENCE 2, encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase, is involved in leaf senescence Shenglong Yang1,2, Guonan Fang2, Anpeng Zhang1,2, Banpu Ruan2, Hongzhen Jiang2, Shilin Ding2, Chaolei Liu2, Yu Zhang1,2, Noushin Jaha2, Peng Hu2, Zhengjin Xu1, Zhenyu Gao2*, Jiayu Wang1* and Qian Qian2*
Abstract Background: Early leaf senescence influences yield and yield quality by affecting plant growth and development. A series of leaf senescence-associated molecular mechanisms have been reported in rice. However, the complex genetic regulatory networks that control leaf senescence need to be elucidated. Results: In this study, an early senescence 2 (es2) mutant was obtained from ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis (EMS)-induced mutational library for the Japonica rice cultivar Wuyugeng 7 (WYG7). Leaves of es2 showed early senescence at the seedling stage and became severe at the tillering stage. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) significantly increased, while chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, catalase (CAT) activity significantly decreased in the es2 mutant. Moreover, genes which related to senescence, ROS and chlorophyll degradation were up-regulated, while those associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll synthesis were down-regulated in es2 mutant compared to WYG7. The ES2 gene, which encodes an inositol polyphosphate kinase (OsIPK2), was fine mapped to a 116.73-kb region on chromosome 2. DNA sequencing of ES2 in the mutant revealed a missense mutation, ES2 was localized to nucleus and plasma membrane of cells, and expressed in various tissues of rice. Complementation test and overexpression experiment confirmed that ES2 completely restored the normal phenotype, with chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic rate increased comparable with the wild type. These results reveal the new role of OsIPK2 in regulating leaf senescence in rice and therefore will provide additional genetic evidence on the molecular mechanisms controlling early leaf senescence. Conclusions: The ES2 gene, encoding an inositol polyphosphate kinase localized in the nucleus and plasma membrane of cells, is essential for leaf senescence in rice. Further study of ES2 will facilitate the dissection of the genetic mechanisms underlying early leaf senescence and plant growth. Keywords: Early senescence, es2, OsIPK2, Inositol polyphosphate kinase, Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People’s Republic of China 1 Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People’s Republic of China © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appro
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