Secreted protein of Ly6 domain 1 enhanced bovine trophoblastic cell migration activity
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Secreted protein of Ly6 domain 1 enhanced bovine trophoblastic cell migration activity Mahmoud Awad 1,2 & Keiichiro Kizaki 1
&
Toshina Ishiguro-Oonuma 1 & Toru Takahashi 1 & Kazuyoshi Hashizume 1
Received: 2 July 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 / Editor: Tetsuji Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
In ruminant placenta, the migration of trophoblastic binucleate cells (BNCs) through the cellular junction between trophoblastic mononucleate cells (TMCs) and facing the endometrial surface establish a complex adjustment unit with individual endometrial epithelial cells without passing through the basement membrane (Wooding and Flint 1994). This phenomenon may be explained by restricted trophoblast invasion to form hybrid feto-maternal trinucleate cells and syncytial plaques in cows and sheep, respectively (Wooding et al. 1980). Cell migration is usually directed by various factors, such as enzymes including matrix metalloproteinases, hormones, chemokines, receptors, and others (Dimitriadis et al. 2005; Majali-Martinez et al. 2016; Pollheimer et al. 2018). In a previous study, the secreted protein of lymphocyte antigen-6 (Ly6) domain 1 (SOLD1) was expressed in bovine trophoblastic cell lines, and its protein regulated cell invasiveness in vitro (Awad et al. 2014). Therefore, SOLD1 may stimulate trophoblast movement to endometrium, including invasion, migration, and proliferation. SOLD1 is a novel secreted member of the Ly6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) superfamily, and plays a crucial role in placental structure and fetal membrane development due to its distribution pattern in the mesenchyme of the chorionic villi as well as its modulatory effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of bovine chorionic fibroblast cells (Ushizawa et al. 2009, 2010). SOLD1 was found in the maternal tissue throughout gestation and its expression increased as gestation progressed in cows (Awad et al. 2013); however, the physiological
* Keiichiro Kizaki [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
2
Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
function of SOLD1 remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the effect of SOLD1 on the migration of trophoblast cells in vitro. The bovine trophoblast cell lines, BT-K and -C, which were previously established from in vitro fertilized bovine blastocysts (Suzuki et al. 2011), were used in this study. Briefly, the cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/F-12 medium (DMEM/F12, Sigma, Saint Louis, MO) containing 100 IU/mL penicillin and 100 μg/ mL streptomycin (Sigma), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Biowest, Nuaillé, France), at 37°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 according to a previously described method (Suzuki et al. 2011). The medium was changed every 2–3 d. Collagen-coated flasks were prepared by incubating the fla
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