Settling and feeding behavior of sharpshooter vectors of Xylella fastidiosa on plum genotypes resistant to leaf scald di
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Settling and feeding behavior of sharpshooter vectors of Xylella fastidiosa on plum genotypes resistant to leaf scald disease Heloisa Thomazi Kleina & Karla Kudlawiec & Mariana B. Esteves & Marco A. Dalbó & Thiago de Paula Oliveira & Nathalie Maluta & João R. S. Lopes & Louise L. May-De-Mio
Accepted: 17 August 2020 # Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging 2020
Abstract Plum leaf scald (PLS) is a serious disease caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex, a pathogenic bacterium transmitted by xylem-sap feeding leafhoppers, commonly named sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae). In Brazil, the development of plum genotypes that apparently are not infected under field conditions has Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02104-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. H. T. Kleina (*) : K. Kudlawiec : L. L. May-De-Mio Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba, PR 80035-050, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] M. B. Esteves : J. R. S. Lopes Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz/Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/ USP), Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil M. A. Dalbó Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), Rua João Zardo – Vila de Carli, Videira, SC 80035-050, Brazil T. de Paula Oliveira Insight Centre for Data Analytics, School of Mathematics, Statistics & Applied Maths, IDA Business, National University of Ireland Galway, and Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Park, Lower Dangan, Galway, Ireland N. Maluta Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), Centro de Fitossanidade, Avenida Barão de Itapura, 1481, Botafogo, Campinas, SP 13020-902, Brazil
opened new perspectives for disease control based on host plant resistance. For example, PLS incidence on ‘SC13’ and ‘SC7’ genotypes is almost null under field conditions, although ‘SC13’ is infected by graft inoculation. Thus, we hypothesized that the performance of these genotypes in the field may be related to vector behavior. To verify this hypothesis, we investigated the settling preference and probing and feeding behavior of the sharpshooters Bucephalogonia xanthophis (Berg) and Sibovia sagata (Signoret) on the PLS-resistant plum genotypes, ‘SC7’ and ‘SC13’, and on the naturally infected cultivar, ‘Laetitia’. In the settling experiments, ‘SC7’ was less preferred by both vector species. For S. sagata held on ‘SC13’, reduced sap ingestion rates were observed. For B. xanthophis, probing and feeding activities differed between individuals held on ‘SC13’ and ‘Laetitia’. Specifically, duration of the stylet pathway phase, duration of xylem sap ingestion events, and number of interruptions of the xylem phase differed for B. xanthophis held on ‘SC13’ and ‘Laetitia’. The results show that the resistant genotypes affected host plant selection by the
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